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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The metabolic reaction that involves a release in energy
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Catabolism
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The type of metabolism where large molecules are broken down into smaller ones
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Catabolism
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The metabolic reaction that involves stored energy
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Anabolism
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The type of metabolism where small molecules combine to form larger ones
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Anabolism
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3 types of Asexual Reproduction
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Mitosis
Budding Binary Fission |
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Name the 4 kingdoms under Eukaryata
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Animalia
Protista Fungi Plantae |
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Bacteria belongs to which kingdom
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Monera
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Bacteria are prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells
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Prokaryotic
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Where all living things belong
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Biome
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The location where all living things live is called a
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Biosphere
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Saprophitic organisms are found under which kingdom
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Fungi
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Which 2 kingdoms are heterotrophic
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Protista (single-celled)
Animalia (multicellular) |
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Name the 7 things that must exist in order for life to occur
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Growth Adaptability
Metabolism DNA Reproduction Irritability Mutation |
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What type of organisms obtain their nutritional requirements from dead but previously living life forms
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Saprohitic organisms
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The only kingdom that is autotrophic
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Plantae
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What are the 3 main shapes of bacteria
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Spirilli
Coccus Bacillus |
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A bacterial reproductive pattern in which daughter cells are seen in groups of 8
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Sarcinae Pattern
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A reproductive bacterial pattern in which long chains or links of daughter cells appear like a string of pearls
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Strepto Pattern
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A bunch of daughter cells in the shape of a triangle is which type of reproductive pattern
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Staphylo
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How many reproductive patterns exist
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6
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In bacteria, which form ofasexual reproduction occurs most often (90% of the time)
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Binary Fission
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Rod or stick shaped bacteria
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Bacilli
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Round or marble shaped bacteria
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Coccus
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Curved bacteria
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Spirlli
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Corkscrew shaped bacteria
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Spirocheta
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Bacteria with a SLIGHT curve
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Vibrio
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The cell wall of a typical microbe is living or non-living
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Non-living
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The cell wall of bacteria is MAINLY composed of protein, carbs, amino acids, or lipids
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Carbs
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2-30% of the cell wall of a bacterium is composed of what
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Protein
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What determines the shape of a cell - cell membrane, cell wall, or plasma membrane
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Cell Wall
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Strings of clusters of ribosomes are referred to as
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Polysomes
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Site for RNA production
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Ribosomes
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What are the only type of bacteria capable of forming a capsule
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G(+) Bacilli
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A process when plasmids are all incorporated into the nucleoid (when the cytoplasmic matrix depletes)
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"Curring"
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Former plasmids (serving no regulatory role). These are fragments of DNA that have the ability to be incorporated into the nucleoid and replicate
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Episome
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Which organelle is responsible for transporting nutrients from different areas of the cell
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Microtubules
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If stored somewhere, cytoplasmic inclusions can later become
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Microfilaments of protein collagen
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The water portion of the cytoplasm is called
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Cytosol or Protosol
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What two components of the cytoplasm flow through microtubules
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Amino acids and cytosol
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Accumulations of amino acids - Argenine and Aspartine
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Cyanophycin Granules
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Granules that refract light
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Meta-Chromatic Granules
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Long chains of carbonic acid linked together
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Carboxysomes
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How do endospores move
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Fimbriae
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What are the 3 locations with which an endospore may occupy
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Terminal, Central, Sub-Terminal
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An invagination fo the cell membrane
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Mesosome
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Endospores exist only in which type of bacteria
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Bacilli
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A flagellum consists of how many strands of protein
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9
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A single flagellum at both poles
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Amphitritious
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Surrounded by flagellae
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Peritritious
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A single flagellum at one of its poles
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Monotritious
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3 or more flagellum
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Lophotritious
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Name the 5 types of differential stains
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Gram, Acid-Fast, Spore, Flagella, Capsule
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What's the mordant in a Gram Stain
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Iodine
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Blue bacteria in the Gram Stain results in G(+) or G(-) bacterium
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Blue = G(+)
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Blue bacteria in Acid-Fast Staining results in Acid-Fast (+) or Acid-Fast (-) bacterium
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Acid-Fast (-)
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Crystal Violet -> Iodine -> Ethanol -> Safranin
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Gram Stain
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Carbofuchson -> Heat -> Ethanol -> Methylene Blue
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Acid-Fast Stain
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What part of a dye molecule gives a specific color
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Chromophor
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The part of a dye molecule that sticks on the receptor sites of the cell wall
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Auxochrome
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Basic Auxochrome adheres to ____receptor sites of cell walls
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Acidic receptor sites
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Acidic Auxochrome adheres to _____receptor sites
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Alkaline receptor sites
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Crystal Violet (the primary stain in gram stain) will not penetrate the capsule of Mycobacterium and Nocardia because of what in the capsule
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Mycolic Acid
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G(+) or G(-) bacteria have a thicker cell wall
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G(+)
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The nutritional requirements are more complicated in G(+) or G(-)
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G(+)
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The amino acid content is higher in G(+) or G(-)
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G(+)
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There are more receptor sites of auxochrome in G(+) or G(-)
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G(+)
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A binder that holds amino acids to polysaccharide
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Hexosamine
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Which has a greater lipid composition in the cell wall, G(+) or G(-)
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G(-)
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