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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the proteins in HPV, and their functions
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E1, E2, E6, E7
E1 and E2 complex to initiate repliction E6: degrades p53 E7: binds to Rb, which releases E2F --> cellular replication |
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What does E7 bind to?
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Rb and inactivates it --> release of E2F --> replication
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Tat
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AIDS:
transcriptional activator of viral genome |
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Rev
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moves gag, pol, and env out of the nucleus
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Vif
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helps with core packing
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Nef
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MHC downregulation, CD4 downregulation
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Vpr
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cell cycle arrest
helps in infecting other cells --> nuclear translocation of pre-integration complex |
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Vpu
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helps virus release
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LTR
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Helps with HIV integration into genome
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AIDS eye complication
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CMV retinitis
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4 targets of HIV drug
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viral entry
reverse transcription integration proteolytic maturation |
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reverse transcriptase inhibitors
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nucleoside analogs (AZT, 3TC)
nonnucleoside inhibitors (Nevirapine) |
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Protease inhibitors (HIV)(
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Indinavir
REtonavir all bind to same site on viral protease |
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HIV malignancies
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1. Kaposi Sarcoma
2. B cell lymphoma (Burkett's lymphoma from EBV) |
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Impetigo
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●superficial skin infection vesicles and pustules weeping, crusting lesions on face.
●Organisms: S. pyogenes > S. aureus ●Tx topical management, penicillin |
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Erysipelas
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● epidermal and dermal, involving deeper tissues, lymphedema.
● Dx - often facial in malar distribution, erythema, warmth, edema - advances rapidly ● Tx penicillin |
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Folliculitis
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● localized pyogenic infection at the base of hair follicles
● S. aureus, pseudomonas |
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Cellulitis
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● infection of skin and subcutaneous tissues
● Organisms: Group A strep commonly, S. Aureus if open wound ● accompanied by systemic sx's of chills, fever, tachycardia ● Tx nafacillin or oxacillin |
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Carbuncle
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● abscess of the skin when several follicular infections coalesce
● Organisms: commonly S. aureus ● Tx drainage, topical Abx, oral if severe |
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Abcesses
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●caused by implantation of bacteria through breaks in the skin
●Organisms: often S. Aureus, some anaerobes ●Sx: fluctuant soft tissue swelling, surrounded by erythema ●Tx incision, drainage, and gauze packing. Abx only of immunocompromised or in signs of systemic infections. |
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Gangrene
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●tissue necrosis, secondary to lack of circulation
- skin becomes black and wrinkled (dry) - if bacterial superinfection occurs, tissue oozes fluid (wet) -Gas gangrene, wound contaminated with gas producing anaerobes, usually C. perfringens ● Tx: immediate wound debridement and Abx |
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what is a left shift?
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premature release of not yet fully mature neutrophils is called a myeloid "left shift".
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immune complex deposition
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HBV: antibody and HBsAg --> arthritis, skin and kidney damage
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joints affected in bacterial, mycobacterial,m and viral infection, respectively
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Knee, knee, hand (Rubella)
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HBV drug
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lamivudine
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pathology of measles and rubella infection
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respiratory droplets --> attachment via HA binding to CD46 --> F protein helps fusion --> virus is endocytosed --> replication --> epithelial cell lysis --> infection of upper respiratory tract --> primary viremia --> infects and replications in reticuloendothelial cells --> secondary viremia --> now skin involvement
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tropical spastic paraparesis
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HTLV-1, HTLV-2. leads to MS like disease, but with cranial nerve sparing.
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Most common Osteomylitis
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S. aureus
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9 year old child with sickle cell anemia and osteomyelitis
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salmonella
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