Micro Q3

Front 1

These bacteria stain poorly and are pleomorphic--they cannot be identified by gram-staining

Back 1

Mycoplasma

Front 2

This is the only bacteria with cholesterol in its cell wall.

Back 2

Mycoplasma

Front 3

This bacteria obtains cholesterol from host cells for integration into its own membrane

Back 3

Mycoplasma

Front 4

This bacteria has no cell wall and instead relies on its plasma membrane for rigidity

Back 4

Mycoplasma

Front 5

This is the smallest organism known to be able to grow and reproduce autonomously

Back 5

Mycoplasma

Front 6

Colonies of this bacteria grow very slowly, taking 1-2 weeks to grow, and assuming a "fried egg" appearance, therefore they are not cultured in clinical labs.

Back 6

Mycoplasma

Front 7

This species of bacteria is the only human pathogen of its genus.

Back 7

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Front 8

Protein P1 complex

Back 8

Terminal structure of Mycoplasma pneumoniae that is thought to be involved in attachment to host cells

Front 9

Used to distinguish between different species of Mycoplasma

Back 9

Glucose fermentation. M. pneumoniae can be distinguished from M. hominis, orale, and salivarium.

Front 10

This pneumonia is NOT lobar; it includes spotty points of infection

Back 10

Atypical pneuomnia

Front 11

These bacteria cause atypical pneumonia

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Coxiella, Chlamydia, Legionella, Mycoplasma pneuomniae, respiratory viruses.

Front 12

This bacteria affects primarily young adults, and is responsible for 50% of "summer" pneuomnias

Back 12

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Front 13

This is a disease primarily of teenagers through young adults

Back 13

Primary atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae)

Front 14

Epidemics of this disease arise at 4-8 year intervals

Back 14

Primary atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae)

Front 15

This bacteria is small enough to pass through 0.4 micron filters and was thus originally suspected to be a virus

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Front 16

Transmission of Mycoplasma pneuomniae

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Respiratory droplets

Front 17

Only a small percent of individuals infected with this virus succumb to disease; the bacteria usually causes mild respiratory infection

Back 17

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Front 18

Sputum gram stains for this disease/bacteria may reveal monocytes and PMNs, but no predominant organism

Back 18

Primary atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae)

Front 19

This disease can be characterized by some CNS involvement

Back 19

Primary atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae)

Front 20

Cold hemagglutinins

Back 20

Type O rbc at 0-4 Celcius. Used to diagnose primary atypical pneumonia in early stage of infection

Front 21

Positive complement fixation test

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Used to diagnose primary atypical pneuomnia in late stage of infection

Front 22

Only one serotype of this pathogen is known to exist

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Front 23

Immunity is not lifelong, and disease can be acquired again in 5-10 years

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Primary atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae)

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Gliding motility

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Characteristic of Mycoplasma pneumoniae; moves through respiratory tract secretions, and between cilia to the epithelial surface

Front 25

Ciliotosis

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Elaboration of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide by Mycoplasma pneumoniae; leads to host cell membrane and DNA damage, and altered energy metabolism

Front 26

The severity of this disease increases with age

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Primary atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae)

Front 27

VLP's

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Variable lipoproteins. Expressed on surface of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, mechanism for immune system evasion

Front 28

This disease is spread by close contact

Back 28

Primary atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae)

Front 29

This disease is often spread secondarily through family

Back 29

Primary atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae)

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Treatment for Mycoplasma

Back 30

Erythromycin or tetracycline. Penicillin and other cell-wall inhibitors will not work since they do not have cell walls

Front 31

Vaccine for Mycoplasma

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Does not exist.

Front 32

T/F: Immune response plays a key role in the pathogenesis of primary atypical pneuomnia caused by Mycoplasma

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True.

Front 33

This bacteria is responsible for up to 20% of nongonococcal urethritis

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Ureaplasma urealyticum

Front 34

This bacteria is associated with infertility in males that is reversible with doxycycline

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Ureaplasma urealyticum

Front 35

TCBS medium

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Special medium for culture of Vibrio cholerae

Front 36

This bacteria cannot grow on the usual medium for enteric pathogens

Back 36

Vibrio cholerae

Front 37

TCP

Back 37

Toxin coregulated pilus. Major colonization factor of Vibrio cholerae

Front 38

Antibodies to the H antigen of this bacteria abolish its motility

Back 38

Vibrio cholerae

Front 39

This bacteria enters the small bowel and binds to epithelium by unknown mechanism

Back 39

Vibrio cholerae

Front 40

GM1 ganglioside

Back 40

Component of cell membrane that is targetted to and bound by cholera toxin

Front 41

Neuraminidase

Back 41

Protein secreted by Vibrio cholerae. Converts other gangliosides to GM1 to increase amount of toxin binding sites

Front 42

This toxin enters the cell by endocytosis, and stimulates adenyl cyclase and cAMP production

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Cholera toxin

Front 43

Two mechanisms by which Cholera Toxin results in massive intestinal fluid loss

Back 43

(1) Decreases NaCl absorption by villus cells in gut. (2) Increased Cl and HCO3 secretion into gut, and water follows.

Front 44

Treatment for Cholera

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Replace lost fluid; tetracyclines reduce duration of diarrhea from 5-10 days to 1-3 days. Erythromycin or chloramphenicol are the alternatives.

Front 45

All clinical isolates of this bacteria are resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

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Vibrio cholerae

Front 46

This disease has remained endemic to South America since 1992

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Cholera

Front 47

Since 1800, seven documented pandemics have arose from the common delta of the Ganges and Brahmapurtra rivers

Front 48

A new serogroup (O139) of this bacteria arose in Madras in 1992 and has spread rapidly throughout the world

Back 48

Cholera

Front 49

Outbreaks of this disease are associated with contaminated water, shellfish and other seafood

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Cholera

Front 50

Cholera vaccine

Back 50

(1) Inactivated vaccine (crude bacterial suspension) is 50% effective, not recommended. (2) Live vaccine is licensed but not manufactured; unproven in field trials, mild side effects common

Front 51

This bacteria is present in over half of the raw chicken in US grocery stores. It is zoonotic

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Campylobacter

Front 52

This bacteria is the major cause of diarrhea worldwide, far surpassing Salmonella and Shigella

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Campylobacter

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Incubation period of diarrhea caused by Campylobacter

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3-5 days

Front 54

This bacteria can lead to host autoimmune reaction to nerves, leading to paralysis that can last for weeks

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Campylobacter

Front 55

T/F: The inocolum of Campylobacter is smaller than that of Shigella

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False. 500 organisms, five times as many needed for Shigellosis.

Front 56

This bacteria can be cultured from stools of infected individuals, and grows ideally at 42 degrees Celcius

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Campylobacter

Front 57

Infectious doses of enteric pathogens

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Shigella < Campylobacter < S. typhimurium < Salmonella typhi < Vibrio cholerae