Micro-Oral Microbiology

Front 1

in order to cause disease, microbe or toxin must _____

Back 1

attach

Front 2

GI system is “loaded” with normal flora
antibiotic therapy that affects normal flora can allow pathogen growth.
Broad spectrum antibiotics and __________ can result in
antiobiotic-associated colitis (pseudomembranous colitis)

Back 2

Clostridium difficile

Front 3

Gram + rods:
Actinomyces
Propionibacteirum
Leptotrichia

and Gram – rods:
Bacteriodes
Fusobacterium

exist primarily in

Back 3

Gingival crevice

Front 4

This gram + cocci is found in large percentages in the tongue, dental plaque, gingival crevice, & saliva

Back 4

Streptococcus

Front 5

most oral cavity dz is ______--due to dental caries, gingivitis, periodontal, etc

Back 5

odontogenic

Front 6

gradual disintegration of the tooth enamel and dentin

Back 6

dental caries

Front 7

Microbial shift in odontogenic infections is from nonpathagenic ___________
to pathogenic ____________

Back 7

facultative G+ cocci & rods (strep mutans, lactobaccillus)

to

anerobic G- rod and spirochetes

Front 8

diet that can induce dental caries

Back 8

fermentable carbohydrates (e.g., sucrose)

acidic conditions

Front 9

________ are the predominant early colonizers producing plaque

Back 9

Streptococci (especially of the mutans group)

Front 10

once bacteria colonize tooth, other bacteria can bind and secrete other factors to allow for ________

Back 10

biofilm formation

Front 11

Dental plaque is comprised of sugars (proteins) that allow bacteria to:

Back 11

1.communicate with each other
2. evade host defense
3. evade antibiotic activity

Front 12

__________ are good at binding to fissures and the gingival crevice.

Back 12

Streptococcus mutans

Front 13

all diseases involving the supportive structures of the teeth (periodontium)
including the gingiva and bone

Back 13

periodontal disease

Front 14

calcification of the plaque area

Back 14

tartar formation (calculus)

Front 15

play a more important role in periodontitis

Back 15

Gram negative anaerobic bacteria

Front 16

few bacteria, mostly Gram positive (Streptococci and Actinomyces)

Back 16

Normal gingiva

Front 17

increased numbers of bacteria
especially Actinomyces viscosus and other filamentous bacteria.
appearance of Gram negative anaerobes

Back 17

Gingivitis:

Front 18

predominately anaerobic Gram neg. bacteria and motile spirochetes

Back 18

Periodontitis:

Front 19

white, raised patches of yeast found on the tongue, palate, and other mucous membranes (pseudomembrane)
removal of the pseudomembrane often reveals a red, bleeding surface

Back 19

thrush-Candida albicans

Front 20

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)member of the _________ family

Back 20

Herpesviridae

Front 21

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)dsDNA virus with the ability to become _____

Back 21

latent

Front 22

latency

Back 22

= no new viruses being produced

Front 23

oral infections usually _____

Back 23

HSV-1

Front 24

genital infections usually ____

Back 24

HSV-2

Front 25

fever blisters, cold sores, gingivostomatitis

Back 25

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Front 26

HSV lytic infection of epithelial and mucosal cells
results in ______ of infected cells

Back 26

necrosis

Front 27

virus infects ______ and become latent

Back 27

sensory nerves (trigeminal ganglia)

Front 28

sunlight, fatigue, fever, menstruation, emotional stress

Back 28

stimulates recurrent infections

Front 29

Seen in young adults (18-30 year olds)especially those in the military, sometimes college students

Predisposing factors:
emotional stress (wartime)
fatigue malnutrition, alcohol and/or tobacco use
neglected oral hygiene
local trauma
AIDS patients

Clinical manifestation:
painful, ulcers, bleeding gingiva necrosis, halitosis

increased number of Gram negative fusiform bacteria and spirochetes

Back 29

Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (ANUG)

Front 30

inflammation of the mucous membranes

Back 30

Stomatitis

Front 31

some supportive evidence for stomatitis due to ________ to S. sanguis and oral cavity protein

Back 31

cross-reactive antibodies

Front 32

most common oral mucosa lesion

Back 32

Ulcers

Front 33

inflammation of the salivary glands

Back 33

Acute suppurative parotitis

Front 34

primary cause of Acute suppurative parotitis

Back 34

Staphylococcus aureus