• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/43

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

43 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
define attentuation
rates of translation control teh success of transcriptpion
what is on the tryp operon
P O leader seq gene seq
if increased trp waht happens
ribosome pauses, leader seq terminates transcription with 3:4 loop
what happens if low trp
2:3 loop prevents 3:4 and transcription continues
what are two component regualtion of signal transduction
sensor protein in CM
response regulator protein in cytoplasm
the sensor prot is a ____, when activated it becomes )_____
kinase
phosphorylated
when phosphorylated, repsonse regulator can act as an ____ or a ____ on operator region of a gene
inducer or repressor
_____ removes po4 group from response regulator to inactivate it
phosphatase
describe signal transduction
two component regulation
sensor protein in the CM and response regulator protein in the cytoplasm
sensor protein is a kinase that become active when phosphorylated and the response regulator acts as an inducer or repressor on operator region of a gene. Finally, phosphatase removes the po4 group from response regualtor to inactivate it
define conjugation
transfer of plasmid DNA via sex pilus
can donors be recipients
no
can conjugation occur across species
yes even prok to euk
what codes for the sex pilus? where is this found?
tra gene
conjugative plasmid
define transformation
celsl pick up free DNA from environ.
how is that transformation can occur
DNA specific transport prot.
what happens in transduction
one infected b actic an produce 100 to 1000 of virus and mistake may cause virus to contain bacti genetic info infecting virus may introduce bacti DNA
a bacteriophage can be ___ or ___ genome or ____
RNA
DNA
hybrid RNA DNA
what are the possible genome structures of viruses
ss
ds
circular
linear
segmented
how big in diameter are viruses
.2 to .3 micro meter
how many base pairs in virus
1000 to 5000 bp
how many genes in viruses
5 to 100 genes
hwat is the protein coat that surround abacteriophage
capsid
what are three types of capsid
helical
icosahedral
complex
what is an example of helical
influencza
what is unique about icosahedral
corners, points, flat sides, spon form in host cell no E needed
what is an example of complex
t4 for ecoli
how do t4 infect the cell
syringe injection
how do helical infect bacti
unwind like drill
how do icosahedral infect
receptor protein on capsid suface changes in conformation and release na into environment. relies on transformation
how does an enveloped capsid work
picks up CM via budding spike protein on envelope that faciltiates merge with host CM and releases capsid inside
can viruses supply their own enzymes? if so, like what?
sometimes
like reverse transcripaase
RNA dep RNA pol
how does HIV work
RNA to DNA to RNA
reverse transcriptase
transcription
how do you get from RNA to RNA
RNA dep RNA pol
how do bacteriophages break apart the cell
lysozyme
bacteriophages work best on GP or GN?
GP
define lysogeny
viral NA are either plasmid or is inserted into host genome
may be quiet until becoing active and entering a lytic state
deifne lytic
immediately kills host cell to make more virus
rapid cell death
what kind of virus is polio
RNA
how does polio work
RNA to RNA via viral RNA dep RNA pol
polio RNA genome acts liek ____
mRNA
what is the cap for polio
vpg with affinity for euk ribosome
what is the euk version of vpg
7mg
what does the ribosome make whne it translated the viral genome
2A protease that cleaves 7mg
protein that makes mor vpg cap
capsid prot and RNA dep RNA pol