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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Define: Malt, Mash, Wort
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Malt: Geminated barley corns
Mash: Liquid and barley Wort: Sugar water |
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Ales & Lagers
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Ales: top fermenting yeasts. High Temps. Flowery or fruity flavors
Lagers: Bottom-feeding yeasts. Low Temps. Crisper tasting beer due to fewer esters and secondary compounds forming. |
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Bacteriophage Plaque assey looks for
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1.the presence of bacteriophage
2. the host specificity of bacteriophage 3. the purification and quantitation of plage 4. the diff. b/w lytic and lysogenic phages 5. the identification of different isolates or strains of a bacterial species |
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What type of technique is used for bacteriophage plaque asseys?
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Soft Agar overlay
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How do you find the number of phage particles in the original inoculum?
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The number of plaques formed.
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What is a clone?
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The Phages in a plaque constitute a clone, a genetically pure line.
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What is the differance between Escherichia coli(T4) and Salmonella Typhimurium(P22) phage?
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T4-lytic phage.
P22-Lysogenic phage |
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What type of broth was used for T4/P22 phage test?
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TSA Top Agar and TSA Plates
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What is the appearance of Streptococcus? And type of organism?
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Chains of Spherical cells. May appear frequently in pairs. Individual cells are often elongated.
Fermentative organisms, producing acids from sugars. Facultative anaerobes(in presence of air) but a few are strict anaerobes. |
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Two most important properties of Streptococci?
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1. The type of hemolysis on blood agar
2. The serological specificity of cellular(somatic)ag. |
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Name and describe the 3 different hemolysis types
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Beta H - complete lysis-transparent.
Alpha H - Greenish discoloration Gamma H - Absence of visible change |
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What does the catalase test use?
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drop of 3% Hydrogen peroxide
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Proterties of Coagulase test?
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In Plasma: Formation of clot is positive
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Optochin and Bacitracin Sensitivity
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If alpha/beta hemo.
Beta-use becutracin Alpha-use optochin |
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Growth in 6.5% NaCl broth
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gamma hemo. that can grow in 6.5% = positive is Enterococcus fecalis
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+/- coagulase
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+Staph Aureus
- staph epidermidis |
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+/- optochin
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+ strep pneumoniae
- strep viridans |
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+/- bacitracin
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+ strep pyogenes
- strep agalactiae |
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+/- 6.5% broth
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+ enterococcus fecalis
- other |
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Urea Broth
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Urea as N source. Red color = urease production
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Motility Agar
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Soft Agar used. Spread throughout tube. Strict aerobes form layer on top
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Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB)
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Green tube. Add drops of Kovac's reagent. Positive Indole test shows red color.
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EMB-lactose Agar
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Selective against Gram +. Indicator of acid. Green Sheen for E. coli + for lactose.
-K. Pneumonia |
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MacConkey Agar
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Lactose/fermentable sugar.
Brick red for positive fermentation. - no color change |
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TSI Agar Slant
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yellow color = acid
Pink = Alkaline Unchanged = Neutral Gas = + bubbles - no bubbles H2S = + Black |
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Normal Flora of the throat
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Strep. Viridons, Diptheroids, Staph, Strep alpha/beta/gamma, neisseria
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Normal Flora of the nose
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Staph epididimous, Staph aurus, diptheroids
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Normal flora of skin
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Staph epidermidis, staph. aureus, diptheroids
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Describe the Bactericidal Activity of Serum lab
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4 plates.
1. R+ -rough with active compliment 2. R- 3. S+ smooth LPS with active compliment 4. S- Result: Plate with Rough LPS and active compliment-most died. |
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Reason for serological test
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Serology is literally the "scientific study of the blood serum." Study for types of ag.
O=LPS H=Flagelli K=Capsule |
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Inhibition zone size is depensant on
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growth medium, solubility of the ab, rate of diffusion through the medium, sensitivity of the organism, density of inoculum.
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Antibiotic test is qualitative or quantitiave?
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Qualitative-don't know med. thickness etc.
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Any chemical substance produced by a microorganism that inhibits growth of or kills other microorganisms
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antibiotic
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antibiotic that should not harm the host
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selectively toxic
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Handwashing experiment. Tell color and bacterica formed
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Yellow=Micrococcus lutea
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Water Analysis test
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Fecal coliforms-blue
Nonfecal coliforms-gray/cream Media: Methyl Red test-MR-VP=add methyl red; + red color -yellow Voges-Proskauer test-on other MR-VP. + bright orange Simmons Citrate tube- +blue |
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How do you know if e coli is present in water and what does that mean?
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IMVIC
Indole-Methyl Red-Voges Proskauer Citrate + + - - |