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37 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Define: Malt, Mash, Wort
Malt: Geminated barley corns
Mash: Liquid and barley
Wort: Sugar water
Ales & Lagers
Ales: top fermenting yeasts. High Temps. Flowery or fruity flavors
Lagers: Bottom-feeding yeasts. Low Temps. Crisper tasting beer due to fewer esters and secondary compounds forming.
Bacteriophage Plaque assey looks for
1.the presence of bacteriophage
2. the host specificity of bacteriophage
3. the purification and quantitation of plage
4. the diff. b/w lytic and lysogenic phages
5. the identification of different isolates or strains of a bacterial species
What type of technique is used for bacteriophage plaque asseys?
Soft Agar overlay
How do you find the number of phage particles in the original inoculum?
The number of plaques formed.
What is a clone?
The Phages in a plaque constitute a clone, a genetically pure line.
What is the differance between Escherichia coli(T4) and Salmonella Typhimurium(P22) phage?
T4-lytic phage.
P22-Lysogenic phage
What type of broth was used for T4/P22 phage test?
TSA Top Agar and TSA Plates
What is the appearance of Streptococcus? And type of organism?
Chains of Spherical cells. May appear frequently in pairs. Individual cells are often elongated.

Fermentative organisms, producing acids from sugars. Facultative anaerobes(in presence of air) but a few are strict anaerobes.
Two most important properties of Streptococci?
1. The type of hemolysis on blood agar
2. The serological specificity of cellular(somatic)ag.
Name and describe the 3 different hemolysis types
Beta H - complete lysis-transparent.
Alpha H - Greenish discoloration
Gamma H - Absence of visible change
What does the catalase test use?
drop of 3% Hydrogen peroxide
Proterties of Coagulase test?
In Plasma: Formation of clot is positive
Optochin and Bacitracin Sensitivity
If alpha/beta hemo.
Beta-use becutracin
Alpha-use optochin
Growth in 6.5% NaCl broth
gamma hemo. that can grow in 6.5% = positive is Enterococcus fecalis
+/- coagulase
+Staph Aureus
- staph epidermidis
+/- optochin
+ strep pneumoniae
- strep viridans
+/- bacitracin
+ strep pyogenes
- strep agalactiae
+/- 6.5% broth
+ enterococcus fecalis
- other
Urea Broth
Urea as N source. Red color = urease production
Motility Agar
Soft Agar used. Spread throughout tube. Strict aerobes form layer on top
Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB)
Green tube. Add drops of Kovac's reagent. Positive Indole test shows red color.
EMB-lactose Agar
Selective against Gram +. Indicator of acid. Green Sheen for E. coli + for lactose.

-K. Pneumonia
MacConkey Agar
Lactose/fermentable sugar.

Brick red for positive fermentation.

- no color change
TSI Agar Slant
yellow color = acid
Pink = Alkaline
Unchanged = Neutral

Gas = + bubbles - no bubbles

H2S = + Black
Normal Flora of the throat
Strep. Viridons, Diptheroids, Staph, Strep alpha/beta/gamma, neisseria
Normal Flora of the nose
Staph epididimous, Staph aurus, diptheroids
Normal flora of skin
Staph epidermidis, staph. aureus, diptheroids
Describe the Bactericidal Activity of Serum lab
4 plates.
1. R+ -rough with active compliment
2. R-
3. S+ smooth LPS with active compliment
4. S-
Result: Plate with Rough LPS and active compliment-most died.
Reason for serological test
Serology is literally the "scientific study of the blood serum." Study for types of ag.
O=LPS
H=Flagelli
K=Capsule
Inhibition zone size is depensant on
growth medium, solubility of the ab, rate of diffusion through the medium, sensitivity of the organism, density of inoculum.
Antibiotic test is qualitative or quantitiave?
Qualitative-don't know med. thickness etc.
Any chemical substance produced by a microorganism that inhibits growth of or kills other microorganisms
antibiotic
antibiotic that should not harm the host
selectively toxic
Handwashing experiment. Tell color and bacterica formed
Yellow=Micrococcus lutea
Water Analysis test
Fecal coliforms-blue
Nonfecal coliforms-gray/cream
Media:
Methyl Red test-MR-VP=add methyl red; + red color -yellow
Voges-Proskauer test-on other MR-VP. + bright orange
Simmons Citrate tube- +blue
How do you know if e coli is present in water and what does that mean?
IMVIC
Indole-Methyl Red-Voges Proskauer Citrate
+ + - -