Micro Final Mix 1

Front 1

e.coli gram/shape

Back 1

gram- rod

Front 2

pseudomonias aeruginosa--stain, shape

Back 2

gram- rod

Front 3

staphylococcus aureus, stain and shape

Back 3

gram+ rod

Front 4

e. coli full name

Back 4

escherichia coli

Front 5

e. coli oxygen

Back 5

facultative

Front 6

pseudomonias aeruginosa--oxygen

Back 6

strict aerobe

Front 7

e. coli--nosocomial cause of

Back 7

pneumonia , wound infections

Front 8

pseudomonias aeruginosa--nosocomial cause of

Back 8

wound infections (burn victims), pneumonia (CF & compromised patients), UTI

Front 9

staphylococcus aureus--nosocomial cause of

Back 9

pneumonia

Front 10

clostridium difficle--nosocomial cause of

Back 10

life-threatening diarrhea

Front 11

staphylococcus aureus--community cause of (3)

Back 11

TSS, Food intox, skin infections that spread to other organs

Front 12

pseudomonias aeruginosa--other notes

Back 12

Beta hemolysis on blood agar. Coagulase positive

Front 13

Clostridium difficle--grows when ______ flora is eliminated, such as by antibiotics

Back 13

intestinal

Front 14

Clostridium difficle--rod forms _____, which produce ______

Back 14

endotoxins, exotoxins

Front 15

clostridium difficle--occurs in which individuals?

Back 15

hospitalized as well as healthy individuals

Front 16

3 subgroups of beta lactams

Back 16

penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems

Front 17

endotoxin--secreted from, type of infection, stain

Back 17

lipid secreted from lysed cell, systemic infection, gram -

Front 18

ex of beta lactam

Back 18

penicillin, cephalosproin, carbapenem

Front 19

exotoxin

Back 19

Protein secreted from cell, specific target, gram +

Front 20

food infection

Back 20

bacteria causes food associated illness

Front 21

food toxicity

Back 21

exotoxin causes food associated illness

Front 22

microbes that cause disease via exotoxin

Back 22

clostridium tetani and clostridium botulinium

Front 23

mode of action of beta lactam

Back 23

damage cell membrane

Front 24

3 parts of virus

Back 24

envelope + capsid + nucleic acid

Front 25

envelope (virus) made of

Back 25

lipid w/ embedded proteins (and sometimes carbs too)

Front 26

capsid (virus) made of capsid

Back 26

Protein (subunits are called capsomeres)

Front 27

two shapes of viruses

Back 27

helical and icosahedral

Front 28

(+) ssRNA

Back 28

same sequence as mRNA

Front 29

(-) ssRNA

Back 29

complementary to mRNA

Front 30

virus life cycle--1st two

Back 30

attchment and entry (DNA w or w/o capsid)

Front 31

virus life cycle--3 & 4

Back 31

biosynthesis and assembly/packaging

Front 32

virus life cycle--last step

Back 32

Release of virions

Front 33

dsDNA shapes

Back 33

linear or cyclic

Front 34

ssDNA shapes

Back 34

cyclic only

Front 35

herpes: shape

Back 35

linear

Front 36

herpes: molecule strand and type

Back 36

dsDNA

Front 37

herpes: covering

Back 37

enveloped

Front 38

HHV8 causes

Back 38

Kaposis sarcoma

Front 39

complications of epstein-barr (in herpes family)

Back 39

burkitts lyphoma in Africa

Front 40

CMV, in herpes family, stands for

Back 40

cytomegalovirus

Front 41

CMV-caused disease associated with? Symptoms?

Back 41

AIDS; fever, encephalities, blindness

Front 42

3rd drug for treating herpes

Back 42

famicyclovir

Front 43

4 ways of diagnosing HIV

Back 43

ELISA, Western blot, oraquick, detect antigens or N.A.

Front 44

opportunistic infections assosicated with AIDS (3)

Back 44

Kaposis sarcoma, pneumcystic pneumonia, thrush

Front 45

how do antiretrovirals work? (2)

Back 45

block action of viral proteins. Some inhibit enzymes.

Front 46

long name for AZT

Back 46

Nucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor

Front 47

Nevirapine, which prevents AIDS transmission from mother to child, belongs to what group of antiretrovirals?

Back 47

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Front 48

very expensive AIDS treatment

Back 48

fusion inhibitor

Front 49

newest AIDS treatment

Back 49

CCR5 inhibitor

Front 50

two other AIDS drugs

Back 50

Protease and Integrase inhibitors

Front 51

ELISA stands for

Back 51

Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay

Front 52

how does ELISA work?

Back 52

use enzyme reactions as indicators

Front 53

how does chemokine coreceptor work?

Back 53

from host cell, it connects with viral cells glycoprotein spike

Front 54

provirus

Back 54

DNA that is hidden in host cells chromosome (HIV)

Front 55

virion

Back 55

A complete, fully developed, infectious viral particle

Front 56

virion composed of

Back 56

NA + protein coat.

Front 57

what does virion protect?

Back 57

Protects virus from the environment

Front 58

CCR5 and CXCR4

Back 58

two best known chemokine chemoreceptors

Front 59

virions can be used to classify _______

Back 59

viruses

Front 60

pandemic /epidemic characteristics (4)

Back 60

1) causes serious illness 2) Infects humans 3) easily spread amongst humans 4) antigenic variation

Front 61

characteristics of FluMist vaccine

Back 61

nasal spray, attenuated

Front 62

characteristics of standard flu vaccine

Back 62

injected, inactivated

Front 63

what is the difference between avian and human influenza?

Back 63

the sialic acids, found on the surface of epithelial cells, are different

Front 64

IL-1; IL-6

Back 64

assist in inflammation: cause fever and helps other immune cells to work better

Front 65

IL-2 -kine

Back 65

T cell growth factor during activation

Front 66

IL-3, 5, 7

Back 66

(nothing specific)

Front 67

IL-4 -kine

Back 67

helps B cells

Front 68

IL-8 -kine

Back 68

recruits more phagocytes during inflammation

Front 69

attentuated vaccine

Back 69

alive but weakened virus

Front 70

Tox-oid vaccine

Back 70

inactivated exotoxin

Front 71

subunit vaccine

Back 71

part of microbe is used; possibly genetically engineered

Front 72

conjugated vaccine

Back 72

polysaccharide vaccine + protein carrier

Front 73

conjugated vaccine & children

Back 73

stimulates a better response in children

Front 74

dendritic cell vaccine

Back 74

dentritic cell grown in lab

Front 75

what is added to dentritic cell in the DC vaccine?

Back 75

antigen from tumor or microbe

Front 76

bordatella pertusis in old DPT vaccine--what type of vaccine?

Back 76

killed

Front 77

injected/salk polio; standard flu shot--what type of vaccine?

Back 77

inactivated

Front 78

MMR; varicella; sugar/sabin polio; rotateq vaccine--what type of vaccine?

Back 78

attenuated

Front 79

diphtheria; tetanus: DPT, DTaP, Tdap--what type of vaccine?

Back 79

toxoid

Front 80

New pertussis, baby Dtap; Tdap for older children and up, Hep B, malaria --what type of vaccine?

Back 80

subunit

Front 81

two flu treatments that slow replication (by inhiting separation of virus from host)

Back 81

amantadine and rimatadine

Front 82

Generic for Relenza

Back 82

zanamavir

Front 83

Generic for Tamiflu

Back 83

osteltamivir

Front 84

flu treatment, blocks NA action, inhaled--brand name

Back 84

Relenza

Front 85

flu treatment, blocks NA action, oral--brand name

Back 85

Tamiflu

Front 86

flu treament, blocks NA action, injected, experimental

Back 86

Peramivir

Front 87

complication of flu, pseudo…

Back 87

pseudomonias aeruginosa

Front 88

complication of flu, staph…

Back 88

Staph aureus

Front 89

complication of flu, strep…

Back 89

strep pneumonia