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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Innate immunity |
routine protection, work generically against any foreign substance |
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Body's initial defense system |
skin, fever, inflammation |
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Adaptive immunity |
develops throughout life, antigens cause response, system produces antibodies to bind |
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Specific immunity examples |
T-cell, B cell, antibodies |
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Mucous membranes are important because |
peristalsis of intestines, mucociliary escalator of respiratory tract remove microbes |
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What accumulates from perspiration? |
salt |
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lysozyme degrades |
peptidoglycan |
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peroxidase enzymes break down |
hydrogen peroxide |
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lactoferrin binds |
iron |
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defensins form |
pores in microbial membranes |
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Normal microbiota (flora) protect |
against pathogen infections |
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Formation, development |
hematopoiesis |
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Blood cells originate from |
hematopoietic stem cells |
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Red blood cells |
erythorocytes |
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platelets that are involved in clotting come from |
megakaryocytes |
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white blood cells |
leukocytes involved in all immune responses |
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Four types of white blood cells |
Granulocytes Neutrophils phagocytic cell Basophils Eosinophils |
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Granulocytes |
contain cytoplasmic granules |
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Neutrophils phagocytic cell |
engulf and destroy bacteria and other material |
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basophils |
involved in allergic reactions and inflammation |
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eosinophils |
fight parasitic worms |
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Dendritic cells |
function as "scouts" |
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Lymphocytes |
responsible for adaptive immunity (T-cells, B cells) |
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surface receptors serve as |
"eyes" and "ears" of cell |
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cytokines are the |
"voices" of cell |
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Chemokines (cytokines) |
chemotaxis of immune cells |
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colony-stimulating factors (cytokines) |
multiplication and differentiation of leukocytes
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interferons (cytokines) |
primarily antiviral in action, regulation of inflammatory response
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interleukins (cytokines) |
produced by leukocytes; important in innate and adaptive immunity
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tumor necrosis factor (cytokines) |
inflammation, apoptosis |
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macrophages are |
scavengers and sentries |
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T cells form |
granulomas that wall off and retain organisms or material resistant to destruction prevent escape but interfere with normal tissue function |
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phagocytes do what? |
Squeeze between cells of vessel (diapedesis) |
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Acute inflammation is |
short term; macrophages clean up damage by ingesting dead cells and debris |
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If acute fails |
chronic inflammation results |
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Fever is a strong indicator of what? |
infectious disease, especially bacterial |
