Micro- Eye

Front 1

what do you call an infection of the eyelids

Back 1

blepharitis

Front 2

what are the bacterial causes of blepharitis

Back 2

staph

Front 3

what are some viral causes of blepharitis

Back 3

HSV
VZV
MCV (Molluscum contagiosum)

Front 4

what is orbital cellulitis?

Back 4

swelling of the tissue surrounding the eye

Front 5

common bacteria causing orbital cellulitis

Back 5

staph a.
strep pyogenes
H. influenzae

Front 6

what are the common causes of conjunctivitis (general)

Back 6

infectious agents
allergies
irritants
inability to produce tears

Front 7

bacterial conjunctivitis is most often caused by?

Back 7

Staph (adults)
Strep pneumo (children)
H. influenzae (children)

Front 8

what is the causative agent for inclusion conjunctivitis?

Back 8

Chlamydia trachomatis

Front 9

charicteristics of IC

Back 9

papillae on the conjunctival membranes
mild discomfort with little to no discharge

Front 10

what is the leading casue of preventable blindness in the world?

Back 10

C. trachomatis serotypes A, B, C

Front 11

what is Trachoma?

Back 11

keratoconjunctivitis caused by C. trachomatis serotypes A,B,C

Front 12

is one trachoma infection usually enough to cause end stage blindness?

Back 12

no, repeat infections are usually required to produce end stage blindness

Front 13

what is a superior limbic pannus

Back 13

a fibrovascular conective tissue that develops over the cornea and causes blindness in trachoma infections

Front 14

what causes corneal opacity or pannus in trachoma infections

Back 14

inversion of the eyelids causes abbrasions on the cornea

Front 15

what is the epidemiology of trachoma infections

Back 15

assc. w/ poverty and unsanitary conditions
endemic in Africa and southwestern US

Front 16

what is the transmission route for trachoma

Back 16

mechanical vectors (flies)
infected fomites
hand to eye from contaminated water source

Front 17

diagnosis of IC and trachoma?

Back 17

conjunctival scrapings
stain with giemsa or iodine and look for inclusion bodies
FA test

Front 18

is iodine an effective stain for all Chlamydia infections?

Back 18

no, it does not work on C. pneumonia or C. psittaci inclusions

Front 19

how do you treat IC or trachoma

Back 19

erythromycin/ tetracyclines

Front 20

what is opthalmia neonatorum

Back 20

conjunctivitis of the newborn

Front 21

what is the prophylactic treatment for opthalmia neonatorum

Back 21

1% silver nitrate and erythromycin or tetracycline

Front 22

what is the chance that a newborn will develop a gonorrhoea infection of the eye if the mother has an active infection?

Back 22

50%
2-5 days after birth

Front 23

what is the chance that a newborn will develop a chlamydial infection of the eye if the mother has an active infection?

Back 23

70%
5-10 days after birth

Front 24

which conjunctivitis of the newborn is typically unilateral?

Back 24

C. trachomatis

Front 25

aside from conjunctival infections, what is another disease associated with an infant born to a mother with a chlamydial infection?

Back 25

pneumonia

Front 26

what is the treatment for opthalmia neonatum

Back 26

Screen the mother and treat with erythromycin to prevent it
OR
treat the newborn with oral and topical erythromycin

Front 27

causes of viral follicular conjunctivitis

Back 27

Adenovirus
HSV
VZV

Front 28

what are commonly associated contamination sites for adenovirus

Back 28

inadequately chlorinated pools
eyedrops in physicians offices

Front 29

what is the cause of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis or "shipyards eye"

Back 29

adenovirus, serotypes 8 & 19

Front 30

another name for adenovirus caused conjunctivitis?

Back 30

pharyngeal conjunctival fever

Front 31

what is the difference between EKC and PCF?

Back 31

they both start out the same, but EKC develops into ulcerations 10 to 14 days after initial infection

Front 32

what is acute epidemic hemorrhagic conjunctivitis caused by

Back 32

Coxsackie virus A24
enterovirus 70
adenovirus serotype 11

Front 33

what is keratitis

Back 33

imflammation of the cornea w/ moderate to severe pain, photophobia, and decreased vision

Front 34

causes of viral keratitis

Back 34

HSV
VZV

Front 35

what is the leading cause of infections blindness in developed countries?

Back 35

HSV-1

Front 36

which type of keratitis is more serious, stromal or epithelial?

Back 36

stromal HSV

Front 37

what type of keratitis presents with dendritic ulcerations on the corneal surface

Back 37

epithelial HSV

Front 38

what is an indicative microscopic finding for HSV keratitis scrapings

Back 38

multinucleated giant cells

Front 39

when should you begin treating VZV patients

Back 39

within 3 days of the appearance of lesions
acyclovir

Front 40

what do punctiform lesions on the cornea indicate?

Back 40

adenovirus kerititis

Front 41

what is the only "true" bacterial pathogen of the eye

Back 41

Strep pneumoniae

Front 42

bacterial keratitis associated with soft contact lenses

Back 42

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Front 43

presentation of P. aeruginosa keratitis

Back 43

leukocytes in anterior chamber and corneal ulcerations

Front 44

when is a corneal ulcer an emergency

Back 44

any time it is cause by something other than HSV

Front 45

what is the most frequent cause of life/sight threatining infections in AIDS pts

Back 45

CMV

Front 46

clinical diagnosis of CMV

Back 46

hemorrhages, edema, and necrosis (red and white patches) on the retina

Front 47

what is the treatment for a CMV infection

Back 47

ganciclovir or foscarnet

Front 48

what are the 4 causes of endopthalmitis?

Back 48

complication of intraoccular surgery (cataract)
post traumatic
endogenous spread of pathogens
uncontrolled corneal or orbital infections

Front 49

what is the typical cause of endogenous endopthalmitis

Back 49

candidia

Front 50

what is the most common cause of endopthalmitis

Back 50

70% due to intraocular surgeries