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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Spontaneous generation |
"Life arises spontaneously from non-living things" Redi, Pasteur, Tyndall all contributed to disproving it |
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Endospores |
heat resistant form of bacteria |
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Examples why we can't live without microorganisms |
Nitrogen fixation Oxygen production Degradation of materials |
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Bioremediation |
Using microorganisms to hasten decay of pollutants |
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Bacteria synthesize commercially valuable products including: |
Medicinal products (antibiotics) |
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Biotechnology |
Use of microbiological and biochemical techniques to solve practical problems |
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Genetic engineering |
Introduction of genes into another organism Disease-resistant plants Production of medications |
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Application of Microbiology: Beauty Application |
Botox |
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Pathogens |
Microorganisms that cause disease
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What reduces harmful pathogens? |
Modern sanitation Vaccination Effective antimicrobial treatments |
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Golden Age of Microbiology |
1875–1918 Most pathogenic bacteria is identified Spontaneous Generation is disproved Work on viruses begins Antibiotics & vaccines improve |
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Small pox |
Viral disease Killed 10 million over 4,000 years No reports since 1977 |
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Plague |
Killed 1/3 pop. of Europe 1346–1350 Today, fewer than 100 die worldwide Antibiotics available Control of rodent population harboring bacterium |
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Growing threats to human health due to |
Increase in travel & immigration Increase in travel speed
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Beneficial microbes are also known as |
Normal microbiota and normal flora |
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Biodiversity |
Degree of variation in life
Bacterial species outnumber mammalian species by factor of 10,000 |
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All living things are classified into three domains: |
Bacteria Eucarya Archaea |
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Prokaryotes |
Bacteria Single cell "pre nucleus" |
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In prokaryotes, DNA is in: |
nucleoids |
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Rigid cell wall contains what? (Unique to bacteria) |
Peptidoglycan |
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Bacteria multiply by |
binary fission |
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Many bacteria move by using |
flagella (or cilia) |
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What domain are Archaea? |
Prokaryotic |
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Archaea multiply by |
Binary fission |
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Many archaea are ______ because they like extreme conditions |
extremophiles ex. high salt concentration, high temp. |
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Eukaryotes |
"True nucleus" Membrane bound nucleus and organelles |
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Protists include: |
Algae and protozoa |
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Genus vs. Species |
Genus is capitalized, often abreviated Species is listed second, all lower case
Ex) G. species |
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Viruses, viroids, and prions are |
non living acellular infectious agents
microbe, not a microorganism |
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Viruses infect living things and the infected becomes known as the: |
Host |
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Viruses are inactive outside of hosts, they: |
obligate intracellular parasites |
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Infectious proteins |
misfolded versions of normal cellular proteins found in the brain |
