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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Peptidoglycan:
1) What does it do? 2) Chemical Composition? |
1) Gives rigid support
2) Sugar backbone with cross-linked peptide side chains |
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Cell wall/cell membrane
1) What does it do? 2) Chemical Composition? |
1) Major surface antigen
2) peptidoglycan; lipotechoic acid induces TNF and IL-1 |
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Outer membrane of gram negs
1) What does it do? 2) Chemical Composition? |
1) major surface antigen/ site of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide)
2)lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 |
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What does the capsule protect against? What do you use to test it?
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phagocytosis
The quelling reaction |
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Glycocalyx
1) What does it do? 2) Chemical Composition? |
1)mediates adherance to cells surfaces, especially foreign surfaces (indwelling catheters)
2) polysaccharide |
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What component of cell walls is unique to gram +s? to gram -s? What is the last difference between them?
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Gram +s: Lipotechoic acid
Gram -s: endotoxin/lipopolysaccharide Peptidoglycan is much thicker in the cell wall of gram +s |
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Name all gram + rods:
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clostridium, bacillus, corneybacterium, mycobacterium, listeria
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Name branching filamentous? (only gram +)
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nocardia, actinomyces
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Name pleomorphic?
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Rickettsia and Chlamydia (these are both obligate intracellular)
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Name the spirochetes:
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Borrelia, treponema, leptospira
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What is the cell wall situation for mycoplasma? mycobacteria?
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no cell wall
high lipid content in mycolic acid (use acid-fast stain) |
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Which gram stain poorly?
"these rascals may microscopically lack color" |
treponema, rickettsia, mycobacteria, mycoplasma, legionella, chlamydia (IC)
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PAS stain for>
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glycogen, mucopolysaccharides
diagnoses Whipple's disease |
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India ink?
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Cryptococcus neoformans
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Silver stain?
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fungi, legionella
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Special culture requirements for H. flu:
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chocolate agar with factors X (hematin) and V (NAD)
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Special culture requirements lactose fermenters:
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mac-conkey's agar: lactose fermenters turn pink
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