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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic |
Eukaryotic have membrane around nucleus and specialized organelles |
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5 Kingdoms of Life 5 Groups for Micro |
Kingdom: Fungi, Plants, Bacteria, Protista, Animalia |
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Fungi |
Eukaryotic Yeasts, molds, mildew Chitin cell wall (polysaccaride) Unicellular or multicelllar Cottony appearance. Predigest and absorb food |
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Plants |
Eukaryotic Cellulous cell wall Photosynthesize |
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Bacteria |
Prokaryotic peptidoglycan cell wall (amino acid and glyco) Some have tails, some photosynthesize Not parasitic - can live with or w/out a host. Opportunistic |
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Protista |
Eukarytotic ameoba, paramisium, slime molds, protozoa, and algae Flexible cell wall (amoeba) free entites or parasites movement: cilla, flagella, or pseudopods |
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Virus |
not a kingdom DNA *OR* RNA. Not both. Structure varies No nucleus Non living Parasitic (requires host) building blocks (not necessarily nutrients) Core (dna or rna) and Capside (protein coat) some have envelope no cytoplasm |
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Animalia |
No cell wall, eukary |
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Hooke |
1600's Discovered cells and coined the term |
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van Leeuwenhoek |
1600's Father of microbiology First to observe live microbs, first simple microscope (Drawings of bacteria) |
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Linneaus |
1700's Nomenclature for organisms Botanist Came up wit binomial nomenclature |
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Binomial Nomenclature |
2 name naming system GENUS and SPECIFIC EPITHET (species name) genus always first and capital. species second, non capitalized both need to be underlined or italized E. coli |
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Jenner |
1700's |
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Semmelweiss |
1800's Aspectic technique (childbirth fever) first to suggest washing hands |
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Pasteur
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1800's Pasturization, fermenation Proved biogenesis (proved that life comes from life) |
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Redi, Needham, Spallanzani
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1800's to disprove spontaneous generation redi : mesh needham: broth experiment- open spallanzi- sealed but "air" dispute |
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Lister |
1800's Aspectic surgery (not just technique) |
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Koch |
1800's PURE CULTURES Eitology - bacteria causes disease (Koch's postulates ) (Germ theory) (culture means bacteria growing in short amount of time) |
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Gram |
1800's Gram staining - 4 step method. Shows cell wall differences Gram positive is purple or blue (can use antibiotics that destroy cell wall) Gram negative is red and means the cell wall has less peptides and may have cell wall exotoxins |
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Escherich |
1800's discovered Escherchia coli |
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Petri |
1800's Petri dish |
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Tyndall |
1800's Tyndallization which means boil and cool liquids to sterilize |
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Golden age of Microbiology |
1857-1915
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Ehrlich |
1900's Father of chemotherapy (had syphilis) |
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Flemming |
1900's First discovered penicillin by accident |
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Trefouel |
1900's
Sulfur drugs |
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Watson/Crick/Franklin |
Discovered structure of DNA
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McClintok |
Transposons (small pieces of DNA that move from one DNA molecule to another
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Prusiner |
Prions (infectious proteins) (mad cow disease)
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Putrefaction |
recycling of nutrients |
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Eutrophication |
Changes in water (microbes) |
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Normal flora |
Bacteria everywhere except nervous system |
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Biotechnology |
Using living things to achieve desired products |
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Define genus |
Biological classification. Taxonomic group. It’s a family, usually a noun, descriptive name, environment or research name |
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Single celled intracellular parasites belong to which Kingdom(s). |
Protista
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Who disproved spontaneous generation |
Pasteur
(Needham, Spallanzi, Redi) |
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Name the cell wall component for each: bacteria, fungi, plants, protists |
bacteria: Protein and sugar (peptidoglycan) fungi: Chitin (polysaccaride) plants: Cellulose protists: Flexible cell wall. Pellicle |
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How is the scientific name written |
First name (genus) is capitalized
second name (species) lower case all italicized or underlined Can abbreviate first word - still capital |
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Who invented the simple microscope? Describe its structure. |
Van Leeuwenhoek
Single spherical lens 300x possible |
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What cells have “no nucleus” |
ONLY bacteria don't and viruses
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What cells do not have cell walls? |
Animal cells |
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Parasitic, multicellular organisms with oral openings are called what? |
Helminths |
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Which kingdom generally “absorb” their nutrients? |
Fungi! |
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Define species |
Adjective |
