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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Symbiotic |
organisms live in close nutritional relationships |
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Mutualism |
exist when organisms live in an obligatory but mutually beneficial relationship |
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Commensalism |
the member called the commensal receives benefits, coinhabitant is neither harmed nor benefit. |
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Parasitism |
the host organism provides the parastic microbe with nutrients and a habitat/ host is harmed |
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Requirements of microbes
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water, proteins, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen |
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heteotroph |
take in organics made by other living organisms |
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autotroph |
use CO2 an inorganic gas as its carbon source |
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chemotroph /chemoautotrophs |
gain energy from chemical compound / battery |
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phototroph /photoautotrophs |
gain energy though photosynthesis |
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Saprophytes |
feed on organic detritus from dead organisms or opportunistic pathogen |
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Parasites
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derive nutrients from host & harm them
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Temperature Requirements |
Psychrophiles – optimum temperature below 15C; capable of growth at 0C
Mesophiles – optimum temperature 20-40C; most human pathogens Thermophiles – optimum temperature greater than45C |
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Oxygen requirements |
Aerobe - utilizes oxygen and can detoxifyit
Obligate aerobe -cannot grow without oxygen Facultative anaerobe - utilizes oxygen but can alsogrow in its absence Microaerophilic - requires only a small amount ofoxygen Anaerobe - does not utilize oxygen Obligate anaerobe - lacks the enzymes to detoxifyoxygen so cannot survive in an oxygen environment Aerotolerantanaerobes - donot utilize oxygen but can survive and grow in its presence |
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Ph requirements |
Neutrophiles -grow at pH between 6 and 8 Acidophiles - grow at extreme acid pH
Alkalinophiles - grow at extreme alkaline pH |
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Osmotic pressure requirements |
Halophiles – require a high concentration ofsalt
Osmotolerant – do not require highconcentration of solute but can tolerate it when it occurs |
