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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adenosine triphosphate (atp) |
Energy currency of cells. Hydrolysis of the bonds between its phosphate groups can be used to power endergonic reactions |
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Anabolism |
Processes that synthesize and assemble the subunits of macromolecules, using energy of atp; biosynthesis |
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Catabolism |
Prowess that harvest energy released during the breakdown of compound such as glucose, using it to synthesize atp |
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Electron transport chain (ETC) |
Group if membrane - embedded electron carriers that pass electrons from one to another, and in rhe process, create a proton motive force |
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Enzyme |
Molecule, usually a protein that functions as a catalyst, speeding upp a biological reaction |
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Fermentation |
Metabolic process that stops short of oxidizing glucose or other organic intermediate as a terminal electron acceptor |
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Oxidative phosphorylation |
Synthesis of ATP using the energy of a proton motive force created by harvesting chemical energy |
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Photophosphorylation |
Synthesis of ATP using the energy to a proton motive force created by harvesting radiant energy |
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Precursor metabolltes |
Metabolic intermediates that can be either used to make the subunits of macromolecules or oxidized to generate ATP |
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Proton motive force |
Firm of energy generated as an electron transport chain moves protons across a membrane to create a chemiosmotic gradient |
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Respiration |
Metabolic process that transfers electrons stripped from a chemical energy source to an electron transport chain, generating a proton motive force that is then used to synthesize ATP |
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Subtrate-level phosphorylation |
Synthesis of ATP using the energy released in an exergonic (energy-releasing) chemical reaction during the breakdown of the energy source |
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Terminal electron acceptor |
Chemical that is ultimately reduced as a consequence of fermentation or respiration |
