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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Virulence factors
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natural traits that help a microbe to invade and infect a host
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exogenous infection
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source of the infectious agent originates outside of the body
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endogenous infection
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source of the infectious agent already existed on or in the body (normal flora or latent infection)
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toxigenicity
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the power to produce a toxin
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which body tissues are affected by hemolysins?
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red blood cells
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which body tissues are affected by leukocidins?
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white blood cells
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which body tissues are affected by hyaluronidase?
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connective tissue
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which body tissues are affected by kinases?
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dissolve fibrin clots
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which body tissues are affected by tetanus toxin?
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spinal neurons
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which body tissues are affected by pertussis toxin?
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respiratory tract
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which body tissues are affected by enterotoxin?
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intestines
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intoxication
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illness caused by ingestion of toxins
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A-B toxin
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A (active) and B (binding) components work together: B binds to receptor molecule on cell surface, and A is transported into cell, deactivating a certain crucial protein in the cell
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portal of exit of AIDS
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blood
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portal of exit of Candida albicans
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birth canal
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portal of exit of helminths
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feces
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portal of exit of influenza
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respiratory/salivary portals
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portal of exit of smallpox
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skin cells
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example of endotoxin
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LPS, such as from Salmonella
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example of exotoxin
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tetanus, botulism
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list several agents involved in nosocomial infections
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staph, strep, E. coli, pseudomonas
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list the five levels of isolation
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enteric precautions, respiratory precautions, drainage and secretion precautions, strict isolation, reverse isolation/protective isolation
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enteric precautions
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gowns and gloves required by anyone having contact with patient
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respiratory precautions
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private room with closed door, masks usually indicated, no gloves or gown needed
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drainage and secretion precautions
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gowns and gloves required for all, masks not needed
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strict isolation
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private room, closed door, gloves, gown, and masks needed, contaminated items wrapped and sent for disinfection
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reverse isolation
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strict isolation guidelines + airflow through HEPA, infected person barred
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