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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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peptidoglycan
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Gram +(fat layer) and - (skinny layer)
-gives rigid suppors, protects against osmotic pressure -sugar backbone with cross-linked peptide side chains |
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Gram pos cell wall
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teichoic acid (induces TNF and IL-1)
pilus and flagellum common to both |
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Gram - outer membrane
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endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide/LPS) - a major surface antigen
- Lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 |
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Periplasm
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Gram - bac only
-space between cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane -contains hydrolytic enzymes, incl B-lactamases |
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Capsule
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protects against phagocytosis
-polysaccharide - except anthrax (polypeptide w/ D-glutamate) |
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Pilus/Fimbria
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adherence of bac to cell surface
conjugation glycoprotein + and - both |
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Spore
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resistance to heat, dehydration, chemicals
-keratin-like coat, dipicolinic acid |
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plasmid
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genes for
1. antibiotic resistance 2. toxins 3. enzymes -has dna |
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glycocalyx
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adherence to surfaces, esp foreign (indwelling catheters)
-polysaccharide |
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Endotoxin
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Gram- bac
1. genes located on chromosome (not plasmid) 2. low toxicity (req a high dose) 3. poorly antigenic 4. induces fever, shock (IL-1, TNF) 5. no toxoids formed, no vaccines available 6. HEAT STABLE 7. typically: meningococcemia, sepsis (gram- rods) |
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Exotoxin
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Certain species gram + and -
1. secreted 2. polypeptide 3. genes on plasmid or bacteriophage 4. very toxic (fatal in low doses) 5. Antigenic: induces high-titer antibodies called antitoxins 6. toxoids used as vaccines 7. mostly heat labile, easily destroyed (except staphylococcal enterotoxin) 8. Tetanus, botulism, diphtheria |
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Diphtheria, Botulism, strep. pyogenes erythrogenic exotoxins all have their genes carried on what?
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lysogenic phages
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