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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Beta Lactams
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Inhibitor of cell wall
Targets a transpeptidase that makes the AA cross link Ex: Penicillin - works against Gram + Methicillin - developed for enhaced activity of Staph Cephalosporin, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin all work against gram + or - |
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Vancomycin
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Inhibitor of cell wall
Developed in 1950s but was not used due to Penicillin Drug of choice for Staph Gram + Bonds AA crosslink blocking formation Side effects: pain at site of injection, renal failure, deafness, decreased WBC |
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Bacitracin
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Inhibitor of cell wall
Inhibits synthesis of cell wall Gram + Topical |
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Fosfomycin/Cycloserine
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Inhibitor of cell wall
Inhibits synthesis of cell wall Broad spectrum Used for UTI's Ex: Isonizid - inhibits mycolic acid synthesis |
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Polymyxin B and E
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Inhibitor of Cytoplasmic membrane
Attack the membrane and poke holes in it Gram - Highly toxic Topical |
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Quinolones
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Inhibitor of nucleic acid synthesis
DNA gyrase inhibitor Ex: Nalidixic acid - anaerobic Gram - Ciprofloxicin - introduced to Clos/Bac, side effect of a spontaneously rupturing Achille's tendon; works on intracellular bacteria Levofloxacin - works on intracellular bacteria |
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Nitroimidazoles/Metronidazole
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Inhibitor of nucleic acid synthesis
Single strand breaks DNA ONLY works anaerobically |
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Rifampin
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Inhibitor of nucleic acid
Blocks DNA dependent RNA polymerase Used for TB Long term use causes liver damage |
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Sulfonamides + Trimethoprim
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AKA sulfa drugs
Block folate synthesis and nucleotide synthesis Broad spectrum Used for UTI's, burn victims Side effects - kidney and liver problems, decreased WBC, sensitivity to light, can cause allergic rxns |
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Aminoglycosides
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Inhibitors of ribosome function
Bind 30S (50S) ribosome Broad spectrum Ex: Neomycin, Streptomycin, Tobramycin via IV |
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Spectinomycin
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Inhibitors of ribosome function
Similar to aminoglycosides |
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Doxyclinel/Tetracycline
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Inhibitors of ribosome function
Broad spectrum Used to UTI, resp infection, ear infection Bind 30S ribosome blocking tRNA entry Causes nausea, sensitivity to light Can be used for mycoplasma pneumonia, AKA walking pneumonia |
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Chloramphenicol
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Inhibitor of robosome function
Bind 50S subunit blocking peptide bond formation |
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Macrolides
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Inhibitor of ribosome function
Used for intracellular bacteria Used for resp infections and soft tissue Gram + or - or Mycoplasma Bind 50S subunit blocking translocation Ex: Erythromycin, Azithromycin |
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Lincinoids
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Inhibitor of ribosome function
Causes over-growth of Clos difficult Gram + Used for MRSA Blocks peptide bond formation Ex: Clindamycin |
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Linezolids
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Inhibitor of ribosome function
Works against MRSA + VRSA Ex: Zyvox |
