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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the organs of the female repro system
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ovaries
uterine tubes (oviducts) uterus (and cervix) vagina vulva mammary glands |
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main functions of female repro system
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production of oocytes--> ova
transport male and female gametes for fertilization capacitation accomodation and nourishment of embryo/fetus parturition secretion of hormones |
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what are the exocrine and endocrine aspects of the ovary
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exocrine: female gametes (oocytes)
endocrine: estrogen, progesterone, androgens |
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what is the blood supply to the ovary
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ovarian artery
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what is the epithelium on the outer covering of the ovary
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simple squamous (mesovarium-tunica serosa)
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what tunic is the capsule of the ovary
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tunica albuginea
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what are the two main parts of the ovary
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cortex and medulla
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what is located within the cortex of the ovary
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ovarian follicles
corpora lutea ovarian interstitial cells stromal elements |
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what is located in the medulla of the ovary
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vessels, lymphatics, nerves
loose CT w/ elastic and reticular fibers |
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what is the primary innervation to the medulla of the ovary
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vasomotor
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define oogenesis
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formation and development of ova
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where do primordial germ cells develop during early embryogenesis
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the yolk sac
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after development in the yolk sac, where do primordial germ cells go
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they migrate to the gonadal ridges in the embryo, become surrounded by ovarian follicular cells and become primary germ cells
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when do oogonia become primary oocytes
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before or shortly after birth
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what happens to primary oocytes after birth
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they are arrested until sexual maturity (in dog and horse, will stay as primary oocyte until fertilization)
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when does the primary oocyte mature into a secondary oocyte
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just prior to ovulation
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what is produced after fertilization
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ovum
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what is an ovarian follicle
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cell aggregate (ovarian follicular cells) containing the developing gamete (primary oocyte) and surrounding thecal cells
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what is the order of follicular development in the ovary
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1. primordial follicle
2. unilaminar primary follicle 3. mulilaminar primary follicle 4. vesicular or antral (secondary) follicle 5. mature (graafian, tertiary) follicle |
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what does the primordial follicle look like
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it's a primary oocyte surrounded by a single layer of flat ovarian follicular cells
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what is the unilaminar primary follicle
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primary oocyte surrounded by cuboidal or columnar ovarian follicular cells
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what are multilaminar primary follicles
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primary oocyte surrounded by multiple layers of ovarian follicular (granulosa) cells
membrane granulosa (stratum granulosum of ovarian follicle) |
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what develops in the multilaminar primary follicle between the oocyte and ovarian follicular cells
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zona pellucida
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what do the stromal cells of the multilaminar primary follicle differentiate into and which one is functionally most important
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theca folliculi interna (most important): produce androgens
theca folliculi externa |
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within the vesicular follicle, granulosa cells secrete ____ and form ____
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liquor folliculi
follicular antrum |
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what is the cluster of granulosa cells that surround the oocyte
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cumulus oophorus
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what forms and nourishes the oocyte
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corona radiata
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what lines the antrum of the follicle
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granulosa cells
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the oocyte is surrounded by a thick glycoprotein layer, the ___ and an outer cellular layer, the ___
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zona pellucida
corona radiata |
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what follicle protrudes from the surface of the ovary
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mature follicle (preovulatory follicle, graafian follicle)
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what is follicular atresia
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degeneration that may occur at any point in the developmental sequence
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what is ovulation
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the rupture of a follicle and the release of an oocyte
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what is the site of rupture on the ovulated follicle called
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follicular stigma
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what is the released oocyte surrounded by
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zona pellucida and corona radiata
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what species loses its corona radiata at ovulation
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cows
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what happens to the site of the ovary after ovulation
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the follicular wall collapses and a corpus hemorrhagicum forms
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within the corpus luteum what happens to the granulosa cells that formerly surrounded the oocyte
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they transform into granulosa lutein cells
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what causes the yellow pigment seen in most species in the corpus luteum
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lutein
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