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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what virus family is Hep A in
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picornaviridae
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what virus family is hep B in
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hepdnaviridae
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what virus family is Hep C in
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Flaviviridae
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what virus family is hep delta in
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deltaviridae
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what virus family is Hep E in
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calciviridae
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liver innate defense
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interferons
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liver adaptive immune response
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antibodies and cytototxic T cells
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what are liver specific macrophages that aid in clearances of viri from liver
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kupffer cells
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how are natural killer T cells represented in the liver
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high quantity
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which two hep viruses are characterized by an effective immune response that clears the virus from the liver and generates a lasting immune response - causes a transient self limited infection
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Hep A and E
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which two hep viruses are capable of transient or chronic infection
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Hep C and Hep D virus
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for Hep C and Hep D, where does most of the damage to host liver cells come from
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host defense systems
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how does host response damage cells
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infected hepatocytes display viral antigens via MHC 1 on cell surface, these are detected and infected cels are destroyed - this releases significant ROS and causes cytokine release
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what is released into the bloodstream when liver cells are damaged
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transaminases
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what accumulates in the blood causing jaundice when liver damaged
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bilirubin
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the host can clear how much of HBV and HCV infections
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95% of HBV
15-20 of HCV infections |
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inadequate response continues to injure infected hapatocytes
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chronic hepatitis
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constant liver regeneration and scarring
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cirrhosis
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what is the origination of hepatocellular carcinoma
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constant bouts of liver cirrhosis with chronic hepatits
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what type of genome is HBV
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DS DNA - reverse transcriptase
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why does HBV only infect human liver cells
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because they only infect cells that express a liver specific transcription factor
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what are HBV virions surrounded by
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envelope with 5 proteins
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what are the three surface antigens in the envelope layer of HBV
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HBsAGs
HBsAGM HBsAGL |
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function of HBsAGs
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main constitutent of the viral envelope layer and is important for viral assembly
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function of HBsAGL
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important for receptor binding and infection
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what is the shape of the HBV capsid
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icosahedral
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what is the protein that makes up the core protein of HBV
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HBcAg
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what is HBV reverse transcriptase known as
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pol protein
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what core protein is processed when translocation starts and is secreted from infected HBV cells into the blood - can be used as a marker of HBV infection
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HBeAG
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what unique domain does the pol reverse transcritase have
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terminal domain
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Look at the book for replication bullshit
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complicated
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what specific type of populations is HBV associated with in high percentages
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IV drug users
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how is HBV transmitted
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bodily fluids
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how is maternal fetal transmission of HBV accomplished
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maternal blood during birth
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how can you tell if a PT is suffering from a robust CTL response following HBV infection
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acute hepatits
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what circulating in the blood is an indication that an Hbv infection is clearing
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anti-HB IgG's
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how can you tell if an HBV infection is progressing to chronic infection
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very little circulating anti HB IgG
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what two things can be constantly cultured in HBV chronic sufferes for life
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HBV virions and HBsAG
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how can you tell if a Pt with chronic HBV is having an acute flare up
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high serum aminotransferase levels
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what happens to total cell divisions in the liver with chronic Hep B infections
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rises significantly, increasing cancer risk via increase ROS and free radical release
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what HBV gene has the ability to override the host factors involved with cell cycle progression
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HBV X
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what can HepDNA viruses do with host DNA that allows them to override the host cell cycle
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cccDNA exists as plasmid that can integrate itself into the host genome at random, if it does near a control site it can cause overexpression
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what kind of genome does HDV have
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RNA
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what is the protein encoded by HDV
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HDAg
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what envelope proteins does HDV encode
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none, it relies on HBV to provide them
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does HBV vacciene prevent HDV infection
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yes because HDV contains HB AGs proteins
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how is hep C spread
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bodily fluids
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what is a major long term squeleae of hep c infection involving the kidneys
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mixed cryglobulinemia - molecular mimicry
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what kind of genome does Hep C have
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ssRNA
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responsible for most cases of infectious hepatitis
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hep A
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what kind of genome does hep A have
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ssRNA + sense
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what antibodies peak in Hep A infection
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IgM
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does HAV cause chronic or persistent infection?
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no
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how can you distinguish between hep A and hep E viruses
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serology only
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