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54 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what virus family is Hep A in
picornaviridae
what virus family is hep B in
hepdnaviridae
what virus family is Hep C in
Flaviviridae
what virus family is hep delta in
deltaviridae
what virus family is Hep E in
calciviridae
liver innate defense
interferons
liver adaptive immune response
antibodies and cytototxic T cells
what are liver specific macrophages that aid in clearances of viri from liver
kupffer cells
how are natural killer T cells represented in the liver
high quantity
which two hep viruses are characterized by an effective immune response that clears the virus from the liver and generates a lasting immune response - causes a transient self limited infection
Hep A and E
which two hep viruses are capable of transient or chronic infection
Hep C and Hep D virus
for Hep C and Hep D, where does most of the damage to host liver cells come from
host defense systems
how does host response damage cells
infected hepatocytes display viral antigens via MHC 1 on cell surface, these are detected and infected cels are destroyed - this releases significant ROS and causes cytokine release
what is released into the bloodstream when liver cells are damaged
transaminases
what accumulates in the blood causing jaundice when liver damaged
bilirubin
the host can clear how much of HBV and HCV infections
95% of HBV
15-20 of HCV infections
inadequate response continues to injure infected hapatocytes
chronic hepatitis
constant liver regeneration and scarring
cirrhosis
what is the origination of hepatocellular carcinoma
constant bouts of liver cirrhosis with chronic hepatits
what type of genome is HBV
DS DNA - reverse transcriptase
why does HBV only infect human liver cells
because they only infect cells that express a liver specific transcription factor
what are HBV virions surrounded by
envelope with 5 proteins
what are the three surface antigens in the envelope layer of HBV
HBsAGs
HBsAGM
HBsAGL
function of HBsAGs
main constitutent of the viral envelope layer and is important for viral assembly
function of HBsAGL
important for receptor binding and infection
what is the shape of the HBV capsid
icosahedral
what is the protein that makes up the core protein of HBV
HBcAg
what is HBV reverse transcriptase known as
pol protein
what core protein is processed when translocation starts and is secreted from infected HBV cells into the blood - can be used as a marker of HBV infection
HBeAG
what unique domain does the pol reverse transcritase have
terminal domain
Look at the book for replication bullshit
complicated
what specific type of populations is HBV associated with in high percentages
IV drug users
how is HBV transmitted
bodily fluids
how is maternal fetal transmission of HBV accomplished
maternal blood during birth
how can you tell if a PT is suffering from a robust CTL response following HBV infection
acute hepatits
what circulating in the blood is an indication that an Hbv infection is clearing
anti-HB IgG's
how can you tell if an HBV infection is progressing to chronic infection
very little circulating anti HB IgG
what two things can be constantly cultured in HBV chronic sufferes for life
HBV virions and HBsAG
how can you tell if a Pt with chronic HBV is having an acute flare up
high serum aminotransferase levels
what happens to total cell divisions in the liver with chronic Hep B infections
rises significantly, increasing cancer risk via increase ROS and free radical release
what HBV gene has the ability to override the host factors involved with cell cycle progression
HBV X
what can HepDNA viruses do with host DNA that allows them to override the host cell cycle
cccDNA exists as plasmid that can integrate itself into the host genome at random, if it does near a control site it can cause overexpression
what kind of genome does HDV have
RNA
what is the protein encoded by HDV
HDAg
what envelope proteins does HDV encode
none, it relies on HBV to provide them
does HBV vacciene prevent HDV infection
yes because HDV contains HB AGs proteins
how is hep C spread
bodily fluids
what is a major long term squeleae of hep c infection involving the kidneys
mixed cryglobulinemia - molecular mimicry
what kind of genome does Hep C have
ssRNA
responsible for most cases of infectious hepatitis
hep A
what kind of genome does hep A have
ssRNA + sense
what antibodies peak in Hep A infection
IgM
does HAV cause chronic or persistent infection?
no
how can you distinguish between hep A and hep E viruses
serology only