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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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information is stored in__
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DNA
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three domains of microorganisms:
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bacteria, archaea, small eukarya (includes microscopic algae, fungi, protozoa, animals, and plants
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what are considered the monera?
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bacteria and archaea
and they are both prokaryotes |
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who discovered immunization
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edward jenner
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who disovered penicillin
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alexander fleming
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first to see and define microbes
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robert hooke
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who has his postulates
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robert koch
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what are the 6 major bioelements?
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carbon, nitrogen (in proteins), oxygen, sulfur(in proteins), phosphorus (in nucleic acids)
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what kind of bond is made from a gain or loss of electrons?
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ionic
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dehydration occurs in what type of reaction?
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sythesis (produce water)
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what type of reaction does water is consumed
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decomposition reactions ( molecules seperate)
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what kind of reaction is spontaneous
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exergonic (release energy)
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what is not consumed in a reaction but lowers activation energy?
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catalysts
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__ are biological catalyst
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enzymes
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what are the building blocks of polymers?
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sugars/polysaccaharides
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what are the 4 things important in monomers/polymers
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sugars/polysaccharides, fatty acids/lipids, nucleotide bases/nucleic acids, amino acids/proteins
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___ are sugars and their polymers
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carbohydrates
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what are the most common carbohydrates?
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pentose and hexose
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what are the 3 uses of carbohydrates?
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energy source, structural units, important components in cell membranes
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starch, glycogen, chitin, cellulose, and peptidoglycan are all polymers of ___
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are all polymers of polysaccharides
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___ are large polymers of N-acetyl glucosamine and N-acetyl muramic acid
NAG and NAM |
peptidoglycan
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eukaryotes, prokaryotes or both contain peptidoglycan?
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only prokaryotes
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sugars/polysaccharides, fatty acids/lipids, nucleotide bases/nucleic acids, amino acids/proteins are all important in ___
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monomers/polymers
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cell wall of eukaryotes are made of?
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chitin and cellulose
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eukaryotes, prokaryotes or both contain ribosomes
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both
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eukaryotes, prokaryotes or both contain cell walls
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both, just euk have cellulose and chitin and prokaryotes have peptidoglycan
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eukaryotes, prokaryotes or both contain nucleas
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eukaryotes
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what is the size of a prokaryote?
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0.5-2 um
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what is the size of eukaryotes?
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5-20 um
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what is the size of a virus?
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0.5 um or less
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ribose is the most important ___ which has __ carbons
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sugar with 5 carbons
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glucose is the other most important sugar and it has __ carbons
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6
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starch, glycogen, chitin, cellulose and peptidoglycan are polymers of ___
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polysaccarides
Carbohydrates: sugars and their polymers(polysaccharides) |
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which is a solid at room temp, saturated or unsaturated fats?
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saturated
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what allows cells to function as independent entities?
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fatty acids/lipids
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what is considered having both hydrophobic and hydrophillic groups?
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amphipathic
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___ are cholesterol, hormones, vit D and they prevent fats from hardening the cell membrane
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sterols
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DNA and RNA are polymers of ____
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nucleotides
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amphiphatic things are seen in ___
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fatty acids/ lipids
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___ is part of ribosome and acts as intermediates which interpret information into protein
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RNA
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what is found in cell membrane of all animals and mycoplasma bacteria and prevents hardening of the cell membrane
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sterols (steroids)
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what are the three components of nucleotides?
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nucleotide bases (A,C,G,T) sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and phosphate
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___= backbone of DNA
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sugar -phosphate
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t/f
viruses can have ssDNA or dsRNA or any combo |
true
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proteins are polymers of ___
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amino acids
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