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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Plant Virus?
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Affect plants, deform growth of plants through roots, cuts to leafs, pollen of other plants, may spread to other plants as well.
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Pathology is?
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Is the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of organs, tissues, cells and bodily fluids. All concepts.
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Etiology is?
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The study of the causes.
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Pathogens or an infectious agent is?
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A biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. Progression of disease may cause vomiting, dierrea and achy.
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Infection is?
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Pathogenic microbes, making us sick, and invaion of the body.
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A Disease is?
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When the body no longer does its normal function. Infection has overwhelmed the immune system.
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A Prion is?
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Is an infectious agent composed only of single protein. AKA brain eater. Is very fatal. Protease breaks down a prion.
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What is a Viroid?
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A short peice of naked RNA, 300-400 nucleotides long causing diseased plants.
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Micobes are?
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Not found in the utero, there are 100 trillion microbes in your body (50 trillion cells in the body).
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Lacto-bacillils are?
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Normal microbes in the vaginal tract, and they become newborn microbes in intestines to help digest food at the beginning of life.
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Normal flora is?
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Microbes that dont cause diseases.
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Microbial antagonism are?
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Normal flora that competes for nutrients that harmful microbes want. They produce harmful substance that destroys harmful microbes and affects the ph of an area.
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Lantent Viral Infection is?
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A Dormant Virus.
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Persistent Viral Infection is?
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Slow process/happens over years, manifests symptoms over slow process.
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Symbiosis is?
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Living together off the host and the normal microbes (good/good).
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Commencelism is?
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One organsim that benefits and one that does not benefit (unaffected). Skin microbes eat dead skin, we are not affected by them.
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Mutualism is?
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It benefits both host and microbe. *E.coli synthesizes vit. K and B Vit (which we need).
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Parasitism is?
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It describes the relationship of the parasite to the host. One benefits at the expense of the host.
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Opportunistic Microbes are?
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Harmful if relocated. E.coli is normal in the gut, not normal in bladder, spine or else where.
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Streptococcus Pneumonie is?
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Normal in the throat and nose, If relocated to the lungs it will cause pneumonia.
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Difficulty in classifying disease?
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Pathogenes can be the same, Fever, achiness ect.
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How many ways can a single bug/microbe manifest itself?
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More than one.
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Symptoms are?
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Subjective, what the pt. complains of.
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Signs are?
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Objective, fever, temp, swelling, physical visual.
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The word Syndrome means?
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A set of signs and symptoms that tend to occur together and which reflect the presence of a particular disease or an increased chance of developing a particular disease.
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A Communicable Disease is?
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A disease that spreads from one host to another. Ex- contagious, STD, Measles, Mumps.
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A Non-Cummunicable Disease is?
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It does not spread from one host to another. Ex- tetanus.
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A Contagious Disease is?
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Easily spread, a cold, flu, chicken pox.
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Incidence of a disease is?
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Number of people affected in a poulation in a particular time period. It moniters the spread of disease.
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A Sporadic disease is?
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Occurs only occasionally. (Black plague)
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An Endemic disease is?
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Always present, such as a cold flu.
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An Epidemic disease is where?
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Lots of people are getting a disease in a short period of time.
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A Pandemic disease is considered?
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A world wide epidemic disease.
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Acute means?
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Symptoms that develope fast, last a short time.
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Chronic means?
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Develops slowly, symptoms that continue for a long period of time.
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Sub-acute means?
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Between acute and chronic.
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Latent is?
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A microbe that casues disease is inactive.
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Local Infection means?
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The infection is Isolated to a small area.
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Systemic means?
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It has spread throughout the body via blood or the lymph system.
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Bacteremia is?
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The presence of bacteria in the blood.
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Sepsis means?
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Bacteria is multiplying in the blood.
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Toxemia means?
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Presence of toxin in the blood.
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Viremia means?
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Presence of a virus in the blood.
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Primary Infection is?
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Acute infection or infection that caused the initial disease.
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Secondary Infection is?
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Is caused by opportunistic pathogen.
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Subclinical Infection is?
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An infection that is present but symptoms are not present.
(Asymptomatic) |
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Factors that make people more susceptible sickness?
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Gender, age, gentics, climate, sugar (lowers immune system, WBC slower), lifestyle, stress, poor nutrition and chemotherapy.
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Progression of Disease Process.
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Incubation, Prodromal stage, Period of illness, Period of decline, Periond of convalascence.
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The Incubation Period is?
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1st. stage of time between initial infection and first signs and symptoms.
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The Prodromal Stage is?
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An early stage of disease, mild symptoms.
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The Period of Illness is?
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When the disease is most acute.
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The Period of Decline is?
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When its past the acute stage. Pt. still feels weak, but recovering slowly.
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The Period of Convalescence is?
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The period of full recovery.
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Reservoirs of Infection?
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In-Animate (non-living) object or another animal.
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A Carrier is?
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A person who transmits the disease but has no signs or symptoms.
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Zoonosis is?
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A disease that is transmitted from animals to humans. (rabies through bit or waste product or from air).
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Fomite is?
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An object that is not alive but transmitts disease like botulism. Ex, are through money, water and syringes.
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Modes of Transmissions are?
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Droplet, Vehicle Transmission and Airborne.
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Mode of Transmission through Droplet?
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Coughing, sneezing, wiping of mouth with hands. (may travel less than one meter).
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Mode of Transmission by Vehical Transmission is?
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By food, water, air and touching one another. (carried by something greater than one meter)
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Mode of Transmission by Airborne is?
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Travels more than one meter through air. (staph, strep, lung spores, coccididio-mycosis).
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Nosocomial is?
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A hospital acquired bug, 4th leading cause of death. (10,000 deaths a yr).
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A Compromised Host is?
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Resistance lowered by disease. (chemo, burn victims and first line of defense is broken/skin)
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Invasive Procedure is?
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A procedure that enters the internal body breaking first line of defense/skin. Ex. Injection, catherters, IV and surgery.
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Non Living Reservoirs are?
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Soil and water.
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Persistant Viral Infection is?
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Slow process, happens over yrs. manifests symptoms over slow process.
(MS, Epstein Barre and Fibromyalgia) |
