Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
gram pos cocci
|
staph
strep |
|
|
gram pos rods
|
clostridium
corynebact bacillus listeria mycobact |
|
|
branching gram pos
|
actinomyces
nocardia |
|
|
pleomorphic gram neg
|
rickettsia
chlamydia |
|
|
gram neg spirochetes
|
BLT:
borrelia leptospira treponema |
|
|
no cell wall
|
mycoplasma
|
|
|
gram neg cocci
|
neisseria
|
|
|
gram neg rods
|
enterics
curved rods- vibrio, camp, weird stuff (legionella, bordatella, francisella, brucella, pasteurella, bartonella, gardnerella, haem,) pseudomonas |
|
|
sterols
|
mycoplasma
|
|
|
mycolic acid
|
mycobacteria
|
|
|
lipid
|
mycobacteria
|
|
|
techoic acid
|
cell wall, gram pos
|
|
|
lipid A
|
outer membrane, gram neg
|
|
|
periplasm
|
gram neg
contains beta lactamases |
|
|
D glutamate
|
b anthracis
|
|
|
dipicolinic acid
|
spore
|
|
|
poor gram stain
|
treponema
rickettsia mycobact mycoplasm legionella chlamydia (these rascals may microscopically lack color) |
|
|
dark field/flourescence
|
treponema
|
|
|
silver stain
|
legionella
pneumocystis |
|
|
giemsa
|
borrelia
plasmodium trypanosomes chlamydia |
|
|
PAS
|
whipples
|
|
|
ziehl neelsen
|
acid fast
|
|
|
india ink
|
crypto
|
|
|
mucicarmine
|
crypto
|
|
|
chocolate agar with V and X
|
H. influenza
|
|
|
thayer martin
|
N gon
|
|
|
VPN (vanco, nystatin, polymixin)
|
N gon
|
|
|
bordet gengou/potato agar
|
pertussis
|
|
|
lowenstein johnson
|
mycobacteria
|
|
|
eatons
|
mycoplasma
|
|
|
pink on macconkeys
|
lactose fermenting
|
|
|
eosin methylene blue
|
E Coli
|
|
|
charcoal yeast with cysteine
|
legionella
|
|
|
sabourauds agar
|
fungi
|
|
|
obligate aerobes
|
nocardia
pseudo mycobact bacillus (nagging pests must breathe) |
|
|
obligate anaerobes
|
chlostridium
bacteriodes actinomyces (cant breathe air) |
|
|
lack catalase and superoxide dismutase
|
obligate anaerobes
|
|
|
aminoglycosides ineffective against
|
anaerobes
|
|
|
obligate intracellular
|
rickettsia
chlamydia |
|
|
facultative intracellular
|
salmonella
neisseria brucella mycobact listeria francisella legionella some nasty bugs may live facultiveLy |
|
|
quellung positive
|
capsule swells
|
|
|
encapsulated bacteria
|
klebsiella
salmonella strep pneumo haem influenza Neisseria men Kapsules shield SHiN |
|
|
encapsulated bact that produce IgA protease, cause meningitis, and take up DNA
|
SHiN
salmonella H.inf Neisseria men |
|
|
capsule serves as antigen in vaccine
|
pneumovax
H infl meningococcal |
|
|
urease pos bugs
|
proteus
klebsiella H pylori ureaplasma particular kinds have urease |
|
|
yellow sulfur granules
|
actinomyces israelii
|
|
|
yellow pigment
|
staph aureus
|
|
|
blue green pigment
|
pseudo
|
|
|
red pigment
|
serratia
|
|
|
protein A
|
Staph aureus- binds Fc of Ig to prevent ops and phagocytosis
|
|
|
IgA protease
|
cleaves IgA
SHiN: S pneumo H infl Neisseria |
|
|
M protein
|
group A strep
prevents phagocytosis |
|
|
endotoxin
|
outer cell membrane gram neg and listeria
|
|
|
polypeptide
|
exotoxin
|
|
|
lipopolysaccharide
|
endotoxin
|
|
|
fever, shock (TNF, IL 1)
|
endotoxin
|
|
|
induces high titer antibodies called antitoxins
|
exotoxin
|
|
|
toxoids used as vaccines
|
exotoxin
|
|
|
exotoxin diseases
|
botulism
tetanus diptheria |
|
|
endotoxin diseases
|
meningococcemia
sepsis by gram neg rods |
|
|
binds MHC II and T cell receptor to act T cells to release IFN gamma and IL 2
|
superantigens
|
|
|
TSST 1 superantigen
|
staph toxic shock
|
|
|
enterotoxins
|
staph food poisoning
|
|
|
exfoliatin
|
staph scalded skin
|
|
|
erythrogenic toxin
|
s pyogenes scarlet fever superantigen
|
|
|
ADP ribosylating AB toxin
|
B binds host
A attaches ADP ribosyl to alter protein Coryne vibrio E coli Pertussis |
|
|
inactivates EF2
|
corynebacterium
|
|
|
exotoxin A
|
pseudomonas
|
|
|
ADP ribos. G protein
|
vibrio
|
|
|
heat labile toxin
|
adenylate cyclase
E coli |
|
|
heat stabile toxin
|
guanylate cyclase
E coli |
|
|
inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha-i
|
pertussis
|
|
|
alpha toxin
|
clostridium perfringens
|
|
|
double zone of hemolysis
|
clost perfringens
|
|
|
blocks release of GABA and glycine
|
C tetani
|
|
|
lockjaw
|
C tetani
|
|
|
blocks release of Ach
|
C botulinum
|
|
|
spores found in canned foods and honey
|
C botulinum
|
|
|
floppy baby
|
C botulinum
|
|
|
edema factor (adenylate cyclase)
|
bacillus anthracis
|
|
|
toxin that cleaves host rRNA (60S), enhances cytokine release, causing HUS
|
shiga toxin
|
|
|
streptolysin O
|
strep pyogenes hemolysin
|
|
|
antigen for ASO antibody
|
strep pyogenes- dx rheumatic fever
|
|
|
permanently activates Gs
|
vibrio cholerae toxin
|
|
|
permanently disables Gi
|
pertussis toxin
|
|
|
promotes lymphocytosis by inhibiting chemokine receptors
|
pertussis toxin
|
|
|
endotoxin is heat --?
|
stabile
|
|
|
endotoxin activates three things:
|
macs (TNF and IL1 and NO)
complement (neuts, edema) hageman (DIC) |
|
|
take up DNA from environment:
what is it what bacteria |
transformation
SHiN: strep pneum H inf Neiss men |
|
|
bacteria without plasmid
|
F-
|
|
|
bacteria with plasmid
|
F+
|
|
|
transfer of plasmid and chromosomal genes
|
Hfr x F-
|
|
|
transfer of plasmid genes only
|
F- x F+
|
|
|
lytic phage infects bacterium, packages bacterial DNA in viral capsid to transfer into another bacterium
|
generalized transduction
|
|
|
lysogenic phage infects bacterium, viral DNA incorp into bacterial chrom
|
specialized transduction
|
|
|
segment of DNA jumps from one location to another
|
transposition
|
|
|
5 bacterial toxins that are encoded in a lysogenic phage
|
ABCDE:
shigA Botulinum Cholera Diphtheria Erythrogenic strep pyogenes toxin |
