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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Skin functions?
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1. protection from environment (UV light, chemicals, mechanical injury, invasion by infectious agents, prevent desiccation, adjusts thermal regulation)
2. sensory organ function (temp, position/vibration, pain) 3. immunologic surveillance 4. reflects active internal disease processes |
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What is epidermis composed of?
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-multi-layered keratin
-melanocytes -Langerhan's cells |
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What is dermis composed of?
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-elastic tissue
-supports and protects blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics -sweat glands and pilosebaceous units |
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What are impetigo and ecthyma?
How do they differ? |
-crusted lesions
impetigo is limited to epidermis ecthyma can penetrate dermis causing ulceration and bacteremia |
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3 hair follicle and apocrine region infections:
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1. carbuncles - coalescent, extensive
2. furuncles - deep isolated nodules 3. folliculitis - limited to hair follicle |
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Etiologies of hair follicle and apocrine region infections:
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S. aureus and P. aeruginosa* - primary causes
Candida or Malassezia - less common |
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What is erysipelas?
Cause? Appearance? |
=superficial dermis infection w/ prominent lymphatic involvement
Streptococcal in origin skin is red, raised, painful, swollen |
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What is cellulitis?
Pathogens that cause it? |
=skin infection involving deeper dermis and subcutaneous tissue
S. aureus and S. pyogenes are usually pathogens |
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Cellulitis in diabetics, granulocytopenia, immunocompromised pts due to:
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gram-neg rods
non-Group A Strep |
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Cellulitis due to marine water exposure:
(test: person walking on beach cuts foot) |
Vibrio species**
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Cellulitis with concomitant pneumonia:
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Legionella
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Cellulitis due to occupational exposure:
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Erysipelothrix
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Cellulitis due to fresh water exposures:
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Aeromonas*
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Cellulitis from sweaty tennis shoe syndrome:
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Who gets clostridial cellulitis?
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pts with traumatic injury; neutropenic pts (immunosuppressed)
-can cause a deep myonecrosis |
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What is non-clostridial cellulitis?
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Enterics/Strep
perineum affected |
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What is necrotizing fascitis?
Difference b/w the two types? |
Type I - mixed aerobic/anaerobic bowel flora that is gas producing
Type II - Group A strep infarction of fascial layers causes all skin above it to die no difference in clinical appearance, but treatment differs |
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What is myositis?
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=muscle inflammation
multiple etiologies Rhabdomyolysis |
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What is pyomyositis?
Causes? Who gets it? |
=pus in the muscles
causes: S. aureus or S. pyogenes tropical climates diabetes collagen vascular disease and immunosuppression |
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Appearance of clostridial (gas gangrene) myonecrosis?
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dishwater exudate
bronze green skin |
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Appearance of non-clostridial (crepitant) myonecrosis?
Causes: |
seropurulent discharge/erythema
causes: 1. anaerobic streptococcal 2. synergistic non-clostridial anaerobic 3. infected vascular gangrene 4. Aeromonas hydrophila |
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How does one get myonecrosis?
How does it evolve? |
penetrating trauma
evolves rapidly (1-4 days) --> painful! |
