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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Categorical Imperative
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Act only accordingly to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law.
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Conventionalist Ethic
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Business is like a game with permissive ethics and any action that does not violate the law is permitted
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The Disclosure Rule
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Test an ethical decision by asking how you would feel explaining it to a wider audience such as newspaper reader, TV viewers or your family
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The Doctrine of the Mean
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Virtue is achieved through moderation. Avoid behavior that is excessive or deficient of a virtue.
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The Ends-Means Ethic
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The ends justifies the means
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The Golden Rule
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Do unto others as you would have them do unto you
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Practical Imperative (PI)
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PI = Treat others as ends in themselves, not as means to other goals. Prohibits selfish manipulation of other people
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Test of Reversibility (TOR)
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TOR = Would you be willing to change places with the person or persons affected by your actions?
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Intuition Ethic
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What is good or right is understood by an inner moral sense based on character development and felt as intuition
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The Might-Equals-Right
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Justice is the interest of the stronger
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Organization Ethic
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Be loyal to the organization
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Principle of Equal Freedom
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A person has the right to freedom of action unless such action deprives another person of a proper freedom
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Proportionality Ethic
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Managers can risk predictable, but unwilled, harms to people after weighing five factors: Type of good and evil, probability, urgency, intensity of influence & alternatives
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Principle of double effect
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Principle of double effect = manager has acted ethically if (1) the good > bad (2) manager’s intention is to achieve good and (3) there is no better alternative
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The Rights Ethic
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Each person has protections and entitlements that others have duty to respect
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Natural Rights
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Protections and entitlements that can be inferred by reason from the study of human nature
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Theory of Justice
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Each person should act fairly toward others in order to maintain the bonds of community
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Utilitarian Ethic
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The greatest good for the greatest number
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social/business impacts of the industrial revolution
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elevated living standards, increased life expectancy, and shifted values. Increased pollution, companies had more employees, etc. Businesses had to consider their impact on society for the first time. Material progress = moral progress.
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social/business impacts of inequality
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growing separation between rich and poor. Industrial revolution caused wealth to be unevenly distributed
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amorality
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business should be conducted without reference to ethical standards and ideals in society
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Moral unity
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business actions are judged by the ethical standards of society; not a special set of permissive standards
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aristotle's theory of moral responsibility
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virtues such as truthfulness, charity, obeying the law, courage, and justice are important qualities – managers should rule in harmony with the ideal of justice
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