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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
how much information we can keep in our minds
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7 + / - 2
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less ideas developed in a group b/c ppl put less effort {tug-o-war}
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Social Loafing
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increasing autonomy in their jobs
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Employee Empowerment
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‘Auto’=
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self
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from supervisor, peer, subordinates, customers, to self
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360 Feedback
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ability (“can do”) * motivation (“will do) * role clarity (“knows what to do”)
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performance
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We use to believe that the optimal span of control was ____ employees.
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3-7
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______ can lead to a maximizing situation, but must get lucky & you wouldn’t
know if it occurred. |
Satisficing
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a. Which are true concerning heuristics?
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efficient, simplify, produce, when lead to errors = biases {misapplied}
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b. Decision framed negatively, the decision maker…
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likes to take more risk [positively = less risk, they will have more sales]
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c. Overestimate frequency of an event? [easily recalled = not always true]
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emotional, vivid, recent, specific --- makes easier to remember so cause you to
overestimate |
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d. Gambler’s fallacy, series unfortunate, next event?
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nearly a sure thing
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e. Is decision-making a function of management?
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no, it’s a part of all function & its most closely associated w/ planning
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Programmed decisions are associated w/ which of the following decision-making conditions?
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certainty & risk [non-programmed decisions = risk & uncertainty]
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g. The behavioral model assumes that decisions are made under what conditions?
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“bounded rationality” - you don’t know everything
risk & uncertainty |
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h. What type of decision making is most likely to occur under conditions of the irrational man
model? |
uncertainty, little information
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i. A manager has a rule when hiring new sales ppl, “if have weak handshake, won’t make a
good salesperson.” Example of… |
a programmed decision
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j. What films invest in, given about every 1 or 2 films out of 10 will be a hit & make money.
This is a decision made under… |
risk (low profitability)
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k. Which factors would bound one’s rationality?
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limited mental capacity, emotional state, unforeseeability of future events
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l. Traditional economic model assumes that manager’s make decisions under…{a prescriptive
model} |
certainty
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m. Behavioral model assumes managers made decisions under…
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risk & uncertainty
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n. Which doesn’t evaluate alternatives generated?
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brainstorming
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o. Which deemphasizes the group process to the greatest extent?
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Delphi Technique {brainstorming & synectics rely most!}
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p. Rules of brainstorming?
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quantity, not quality is sought
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q. NGT 5 Steps:
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members vote privately! {tries to deemphasize group somewhat}
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r. Which uses analogy & fantasy to improve creativity?
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synectics [fantasy = super-hero technique]
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s. Operations Research techniques are least applicable to decisions made under…
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uncertainty & top managers {most applicable = risk & 1st-line managers}
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t. Assembly line worker job:
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low SV, low TI, relatively low TS, not much autonomy, fairly high performance
feedback [self] -- low in all, except feedback -- narrow breadth & shallow depth |
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u. Craftsman:
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high SV, TI, TS, lot autonomy, & feedback
-- wide breadth & deep depth {As sill variety increase, task identity increased…correlated} |
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v. When we downsize we give people more to do w/ less supervision giving them more
autonomy… |
we’re enriching their job
can enrich too much |
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v. When we downsize we give people more to do w/ less supervision giving them more
autonomy… |
we’re enriching their job
can enrich too much |
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w. Job make products from beginning to end & take pride in her work, this job would be high
on… |
task identity
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x. Which is most similar to job depth?
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autonomy [job breadth = skill variety]
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y. In specialized jobs (assembly lines)…
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workers perform repetitive tasks
efficiency high, but quality may suffer performance feedback high, all other characteristics are low |
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z. More technology determines, harder to redesign…
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Exxon Plastics = most difficult
GM Shreveport Sally’s Craft Shop = easiest to redesign |
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aa. More you specialize…
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harder to coordinate
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bb. What most prevalent 1st part in IR?
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primitive/agency decision
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cc. Not advantage w/ functional designs?
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coordination is easier to achieve due to increased focus on specialists
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dd. When will use a functional design?
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the environment is stable
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ee. Matrix design is a combo of…
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functional & product
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