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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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John Locke believed government comes from ______?
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cooperation
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John Locke believed humans what?
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gravitate toward each other- democratic government
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Thomas Hobbes believed government comes from ______?
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conflict
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Thomas Hobbes believed humans what?
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Are likely to lie, cheat, steal and kill. So without law, instincts will ruin mankind.
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Explain 1890 Sherman Antritrust Act and under what category?
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Category: Regulation of Competition
Monopolies are not allowed; first act that deals with regulation and competition. |
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1998 Digital Milennium Copyright Act
Explain and Categorize |
Trying to protect copyrights of music and movies.
Regulation of Competition |
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1906 Pure Food and Drug Act
Explain and Categorize |
Standard and quality control to food and drugs, disclosures of content (no mislabeling)
Protection of Consumers |
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1998 Children's On-line Privacy Protection Act
Explain and Categorize |
Users are not allowed to get children's information with a parental consent
Protection of Consumers |
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1963 Equal Pay Act
Explain and Categorize |
Men cannot make more money than woman for the same job
Promotion of Equity and Safety |
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1970 Occupational Safety and Health Act
Explain and Categorize |
Safety Regulations in the workplace such as catwalks, hardhats, googles in factories)
Promotion of Equity and Safety |
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Protection of Natural Environment
List 3 Acts |
1970 Clean Air Act
1972 Federal Water Pollution Act 1973 Endangered Species Act |
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Laws that encourage ethical conduct
List 2 Acts |
1991 Federal Sentencing guidelines for organizations
2002 Sabarnes-Oxley Act (oversight of accounting) |
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Law should be what 5 things?
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Consistent, Universal, Published, Accepted, and Enforced
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Law should be supported by who and why?
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1. legislatures/councils (they make laws)
2. Courts/agencies (they interpret laws) 3. Sherrifs/Police (They enforce laws) |
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Define Civil Law
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Defines rights and duties of individuals and organizations
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Define Criminal Law
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Prohibits specific actions and imposes fines or imprisionment
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Criminal law derives from what four things?
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Constitution, common law, statutory law, and adminstrative law.
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5 Limitations that exist due to legal requirements.
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1. Minimum Standard of Behavior
2. Negative Commandments 3. Lag Behind Standards of Society 4. Exclusive and Unequal Participation 5. Discrimitory Outcomes |
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Define Egoism
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Devoted to ones self interest
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Limitations of Egoism
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1. Not everyone is self interested
2. How does a democratic consensus occur if everyone is pursing their own self interest? |
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Define Utilitarianism
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Results based
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Jeremy Bentham believed in what?
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Hedonistic Utilitarianism: best good is pleasure (feel good, taste good)
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Three principle of Jeremy Bentham.
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1. dont let people suffer needlessly
2. encourage abundance 3. equality of means |
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John Stuart Mills believed in what? advocate for what?
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long term happiness, woman rights and unions
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Limitations of Utilitarianism
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1. Actions not judged, only consequences
2. Aggregate over individual (some individulas are on the outside looking in) |
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Define Universalism
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All humans will be saved, intentions and motives matter
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Immanuel Kant 3 moral principles.
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1. Principle of University
2. Principle of Ends 3. Principle of Autonomy vs. Heteronomy |
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Categorical Imperitive by Kant
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its not moral unless it passes all three
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Define Autonomy vs. Heteronomy
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Autonomy: self ruled
Heteronomy: social cohesion |
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Limitations of Universalism
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1. What if duties conflict
2. What if people don't want to be autonomous? (some people want to be told what to do) |
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Define Virtue Ethics
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asks questions of "what type of person should I be?"
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Limitation of Virtue Ethics
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1. Implementing within and between cultures
2. Is virtue and attainable goal? |
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Limitations of Feminist Ethic
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1. confusion of social issues
2. hypocrisy of human nature |
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Equality vs. Equity
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Equality: equal oppourtunity
Equity: equality of means (woman can have babies and men cannot) |
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White privledged men say humans are
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objective, rational, individualistic
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Woman says humans are
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subjective, emotional, and social
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Who is a main contributor to Feminist Ethics
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Carol Guilligan
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Define philosophy
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The study of thought and conduct, describes thought and conduct "descriptive"
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Define Normative Philosophy
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They study of proper thought and proper conduct, this is how you should do things and how you should act. Its "prescriptive".
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Define Morality
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Has to do with standards of behavior
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Define Ethics
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System of Belief, systems of belief will dictate things that are immoral
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Define Ethical Relativism
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A process by which you try to identify systems of beliefs that apply to all people in all circumstances.
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List the three Practical Guidelines
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Golden Rule, Public Disclosure, and Universal Test
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Define The Golden Rule
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Do unto others as you would have done unto you
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Define Public Disclosure
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Would i engage in the behavior if tomorrow my face popped up on the tv station or newspaper article?
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Define Universal Test
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If my action were to be followed by everyone else, would this be a be a better place?
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Utitarianism vs. Universalism
based on what? |
Utilitarianism: results based, telelogy
Universalism: duty-based, dontology |
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Utitarianism vs. Universalism
means/end |
Utilitarianism: The ends of an action justifies the means
Universalism: The means justify the ends of an action |
