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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bruits
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Murmur like sounds
Turbulent flow indicative of > 50% occlusion |
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Location of right atrium
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Rib 3-5 right of sternum
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Location of heart apex
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5th intercostal space at mid clavicular line
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Location of heart base
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2nd intercostal space to right and left of sternum
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Aortic ausculatory area
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2nd IC space, right sternal border
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Pulmonic ausculatory area
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2nd IC space, left sternal border
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Tricuspid ausculatory area
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Lower left sternal border
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Mitral ausculatory area
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Cardiac apex (5th IC space and mid clavicular line)
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Distension of external jugular vein (4 causes)
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Heart failure, obstruction of SVC, enlarged supraclavicular lymph nodes, increased intrathoracic pressure
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Jugular venous pulsations (4)
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a wave - increase in RA pressure due to RA contraction
(Just before S1) c wave - w/ first heart sound due to bulging of TC valve into RA x descent - decrease in RA pressure due to atrial relaxation v wave - increase in RA pressure due to filling up w/ blood from IVC (corresponds w/ carotid pulse) y descent - decrease in RA pressure due to opening of tricuspid valve at end of systole |
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Central venous pressure (normal and measurement)
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Add 5 mmHg to jugular venous pressure
Normal is 7-8 |
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Point of maximal impulse (timing and location)
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Movement of LV against chest wall
Location: 5th IC space at MCL Timing: after S1 but not thru S2 |
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Splitting of S2
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A2 normally precedes P2 and with inspiration the gap is widening
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What does hearing S3 indicate?
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Child
Volume overload to LV CHF |
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What does hearing S4 indicate?
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Child
Stiff ventricle, pressure overload Heard after diastole |
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Systolic clicks
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Opening of pathologically deformed valve
Ejection click - early in systole due to opening of defective semilunar valve |
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Diastolic snap
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High pitched sharp sound due to opening of defective AV valve
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