Methods Of Therapy

Front 1

Psychotherapy

Back 1

Talk therapy; Interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth

Front 2

Biomedical therapy

Back 2

Prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology

Front 3

Eclectic approach

Back 3

Uses techniques from various forms of therapy depending on the client's problems

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Psychoanalysis

Back 4

Freudian; free associations, resistances, dreams, and tranferences; repressed feelings

Front 5

Resistance

Back 5

Psychoanalysis; blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

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Transference

Back 6

Psychoanalysis; transferring negative/positive emotions to the therapist experienced in prior relationships

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Psychodynamic therapy

Back 7

Derived from traditional psychoanalytic views of unconscious forces and childhood experiences; seeks to enhance self-insight

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Interpersonal psychotherapy

Back 8

Short-term variation of psychodynamic therapy; effectively treated depression by focusing on symptom relief

Front 9

Insight therapies

Back 9

Humanistic; increases a person's awareness of underlying motives and defenses

Front 10

Client-centered therapy

Back 10

Humanistic; Carl Rogers; non-directive therapy; focuses on the person's conscious self-perceptions; active listening with a genuine, accepting, empathic environment (aka "person-centered therapy")

Front 11

Active listening

Back 11

Rogers' technique; echoing, restating, and seeking clarification of what the person expresses and acknowledging the expressed feelings

Front 12

Unconditional positive regard

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Client-centered therapy; Carl Rogers; A caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude

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Mowrer's conditioning therapy for bed-wetters

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Moisture-sensitive bed pads triggers an alarm that wakes up the child

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Counterconditioning

Back 14

Behavior therapy; uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; e.g. claustrophobia in elevators re-associated with relaxation

(2) Exposure therapies & aversive conditioning

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Exposure therapies

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Counterconditioning; effective in treating phobias; systematic desensitization, virtual reality exposure (Sheila's agoraphobia)

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Aversive conditioning

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Counterconditioning; associates an unpleasant state (nausea) with an unwanted behavior (drinking alcohol)

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Operant conditioning

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Behavior modification

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Token economy

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Operant conditioning; a token reward his given for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats

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Rational-emotive therapy (REBT)

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Cognitive therapy; Albert Ellis; vigorously challenges people's illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions

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Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Back 20

Changing self-defeating thinking + changing behavior

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What is the difference between humanistic and cognitive therapies?

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Humanistic: Nondirective; fosters personal growth by promoting self-awareness

Cognitive: Acknowledge self-defeating thinking and teach adaptive thoughts/behaviors

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Albert Ellis

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Developed the confrontational REBT

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Aaron Beck

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Developed a gentle cognitive therapy to treat depression

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Therapy aim of psychodynamic approach

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Reduce anxiety through self-insight; explores unconscious conflicts from childhood experiences by interpreting patients' memories and feelings

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Therapy aim of client-centered approach

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Promote self-acceptance; unconditional positive regard; listens actively and reflects

Front 26

Therapy aim of behavior approach

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Confronts dysfunctional behaviors and teaches adaptive behaviors instead by using classical (exposure/aversion) or operant conditioning (token economy)

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Therapy aim of cognitive approach

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Confronts negative thinking by promoting healthier thinking; train people to dispute negative thoughts

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Therapy aim of CBT

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Confronts self-harmful thoughts and behaviors by promoting healthier thinking; train people to counter self-harmful thoughts and behaviors

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Regression toward the mean

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The tendency for extreme or unusual scores to fall back toward their average

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Electroconvulsive therapy

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For treating severe cases of depression

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

Back 31

More moderate neural stimulation to alleviate depression