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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Reliability
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The consistency or
stability of a measure of behavior. |
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Methods of determining reliability?
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1. Test-retest reliability
2. Internal consistency reliability Split-half reliability Chronbach's Alpha 3. Interrater reliability |
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Split-half reliability
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Correlation of individual’s total score on one half of the test with the total
score on the other half of the test. |
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Cronbach’s alpha
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Correlation of each item with every other item- done by computer. Looks at every possible split half.
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Interrater Reliability
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Correlation between the observations of raters.
- A reliable measure must show a high agreement (correlation) between raters or judges. |
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Construct Validity of Measures
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• refers to the adequacy of the operational definition of
variables • Is the measure that is used actually measuring the construct it is intended to measure? |
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Types of Construct Validity
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Face Validity
or Criterion- Oriented Validity |
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Face Validity
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The content of the measure appears to reflect the the construct being measured.
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Criterion-Oriented Validity
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Scores on the measure are related to a criterion (an indicator of the construct)
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Types of Criterion-Oriented Validity
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Predictive Validity
Concurrent Validity Convergent Validity Discriminant Validity |
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Predictive Validity
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Scores on the measure predict behavior on a criterion.
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Concurrent Validity
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People in groups known to differ on the construct, score different on the measure.
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Convergent Validity
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Scores on the measure are related to other measures of the same construct.
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Discriminant Validity
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Scores on the measure are NOT related to measures that are theoretically different.
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Reactivity of Measures
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A measure is reactive if awareness of being measured changes an individual’s behavior.
- Fails to provide a measurement of the behavior under natural circumstances. |
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Types of Measurement Scales
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Nominal Scales
Ordinal Scales Interval Scales Ratio Scales |
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Nominal Scales
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No numbers can be assigned. Classify the levels of the variable into categories/groups.
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Ordinal Scales
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Rank orders the levels of the variable.
• Allows categories to be ordered first to last, but says nothing about intervals between 1st, 2nd, ect. |
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Interval Scales
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• Difference between the numbers is meaningful
• Intervals are equal in size • Quantitative but no meaningful zero reference point • Temperature in Fahrenheit • How much does Sue study? 1) Never, 2) sometimes, 3) often, 4) usually, 5) always Variables |
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Ratio Scales
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• Quantitative with all numerical properties including an absolute zero reference point.
• How much does Sue study? 3 ½ hours a day. |
