Methods

Front 1

the scientific method

Back 1

abstract concept that refers to the ways in which questions are asked and the logic and methods used to gain answer

Front 2

2 important characteristics of the scientific method are

Back 2

reliance on an empirical approach and skeptical attitudes

Front 3

science occurs in 3 contexts

Back 3

historical, social-cultural and moral contexts

Front 4

empirical approach

Back 4

direct observation and experimentation

Front 5

ethnocentrism

Back 5

a potential source of bias in which we attempt to understand the behavior of individuals in a different culture through the framework or views of our own culture

Front 6

thinking like a research

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think skeptically, converge evidence across many studies, form a research hypo, take a multimethod approach

Front 7

problems with research in the media

Back 7

not always good research
something can be lost in the translation

Front 8

hypothesis

Back 8

tentative explanation for a phenomena

Front 9

description v. inferences

Back 9

dont make inferences too quickly

Front 10

validity v. reliability

Back 10

refers to the truthfulness of a measure
is indicated by its consistency

Front 11

hypotheses are not testable when

Back 11

not adequately defined
circular hypothesis
appeals to ideas not recognized by science

Front 12

goals of the scientific method

Back 12

describe, predict, explain, apply

Front 13

describe

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the procedures used to define, classify, catalogue, or categorize events and their relationships

Front 14

nomothetic appraoch

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try to establish broad generalizations and general laws that apply to a diverse population

Front 15

using the nomothetic approach appreciates the differences but also

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emphasizes similarities rather than differences

Front 16

experimental research differs from descriptive and predictive (correlational) research because

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the high degree of control scientists seek in experiments

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causal inference requires 3 conditions

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covariation of events, time-order relationship, elimination of alternative causes

Front 18

confounding

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when 2 potentially effective iv are allowed to covary simultaneously making it impossible to determine what variable is responsible for any obtained difference

Front 19

theories

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logically organized set of props that serve to define events, describe relationships among these events, and explain the occurrence of these events

Front 20

intervening variables

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go btw the iv and dv
i.e. thirst

Front 21

std sections of APA style

Back 21

title
abstract
intro
methods
results
discussion
references

Front 22

why APA

Back 22

unify
peer-reviewed
discussion

Front 23

hypothesis

Back 23

expression about how manipulation of variable has an effect on another
-declarative sentence

Front 24

scientific method

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ask q's
construct hypothesis
test predictions (make a test, conduct a study)
analyze data
predictions supported?

Front 25

when should you use since?

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if it refers to time

Front 26

when should you use while?

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when linking events occurring simultaneously

Front 27

when should page numbers be used in parenthetical citations?

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specific parts of a source

Front 28

running head format

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flush to the left at the top of the title page in all uppercase letters

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replace he/she with

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an article

Front 30

replace stroke victim

Back 30

person with disability

Front 31

operationalize

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form concepts that are specific and measurable and concrete