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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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PHILO/SOPHIA
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philo: to love
sophia: knowledge/wisdom |
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Delphe
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Temple. Where Socrates went and asked the priest of temple (oracle).
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Story of Socrates and the Oracle
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Socrates: "who is the wisest person" Oracle: Socrates. He is the wisest man bc he knew he didn't know. Socrates always wanted to know about it all.
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METAPHYSICS
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meta: after
physics: science that we can apprehend through our senses |
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OBJECT
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ob + jectum: something that is 'thrown' in front of you.
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According to Plato, what is the definition of REALITY?
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phyiscially: something you can do with your senses.
eternity: if doens't always exist how can it be real. |
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Why is man considered a metaphysical animal?
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man has physical apperance but is considered a "thinking animal" who know/ have consciousness that they will die one day. ie: cat will eventually die, but doesn't know it. humans know we are in/on time.
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Is there something beyond/metaphysical the physical things?
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even when something disappears, that thing is still there ie: purse, when it is not there you still know what a purse is.
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How does man escape from reality?
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forgets about death by:
drink work medication religion philosophy |
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REAL
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1. physical
2. eternal |
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"First question of philosophy is question of suicide." EXPLAIN.
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incarnation of humans fate. we all think about dying bc its something tragic.
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Why do humans live in an ABSOLUTE world?
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bc we are around death. we know we are going to die. do we want to go on? MOST OF US CHOOSE YES.
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What is the first philisophical question?
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DO YOU STILL WANT TO GO ON, INSPITE OF DEATH?
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In dialogue: how sons can make good soliders?
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Socrates becomes middleman and says virtue can be taught to their kids. debate on COURAGE comes in.
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What is the core of LACHES dialogue?
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"WHAT IS COURAGE?"
what: that thing that is called courage is: to be |
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Socrates asks for a concept/definition of courage. How does Laches answeR?
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with one example: A VIRTUE not THE VIRTUE (A form of courage, not THE courage).
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Who won in LACHES in the war?
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Persians were stronger. Spartans ran away and then turned around and beat the persians bc the persians did not expect it.
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Is the definition LACHES gave on COURAGE correct?
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No, bc his example doesn't apply to all areas. Socrates covers all areas and tries to show that he wants a definition not an example.
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CONCEPT
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combine all examples of one word. an idea that encompasses all particular examples.
ie: A woman is not THE concept, but only an example of it. |
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Conclusion of LACHES?
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he loses battles after the dialogue and still doesn't know what courage is.
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What is the only thing we know for sure?
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'I EXIST'
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To become _____ is an ______.
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WISE
END |
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Why should we bother finding definitions?
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1. communicate: universal concept (ie: math)
2. get a sense of the broader area |
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Once you have reaches the CONCEPT, you will have reached?
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CERTAINTY (quickness)
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DUAL THEORY: large firms v small firms
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large: stable market, stable job, high wages.
small: market by low wages, vunerability, unqualified labor. |
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ACROPOLIS
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high city, flat-topped rock. sacrad rock of athens. inscribings show offerings to god Athena.
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Name facts about ATHENS.
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1. birth place of democracy
2. 3 political bodies (assembly, counsel, courts) 3. only adult males who completed military could vote |
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COUNCIL 500
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largest board of office holders. 50 citizens from tribes. over 30 years. hold twice. "the older the wiser" =jury.
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Who won the Spartan and Athens war?
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Sparta won.
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What happened with the Peloponnesian war?
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reduced people who coula vote. concluded with Peace of Nicias. Sparta became leader of Greece.
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What was the religion type in Athens?
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Olypians (12).
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ZEUS
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king, youngest of siblings, lightening bolt.
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HERA
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queen, good of women, marriage, mom, peacock.
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POSIDEON
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water/earthquakes. "earth-shaker."
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DEMETER
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agriculture/ fertility, wheat.
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HESTIA
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earth, family of household, never let fires go out.
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DIONYSUS
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gave up throne. wine, grapes, ivy.
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ATHENA
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wisdom. offered olive tree. oval.
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APOLLA and ARTEMIS
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twins: Apollo: light, sun, music// Artemis: hunt/childbirth. night and day.
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HEPHAETUS and HERMES
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Hephaetus: fire/lame
Hermes: lyre/ winged foot |
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How does DISCOURSE begin?
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where hes been and what he did. war in 1618, thirty years war.
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ROUSSEAU
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developed theory of natural man. social contract makes fun of notability. opposed Hobbes views. orginial state= happy, healthy, free. questioned origin of powers of gov't.
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KANT
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central division within mind. all know phenomena. we have no knowledge of noumena.
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What are the 7 major components?
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1. universe = fundamentally rational.
2. truth arrives thru reason, doubt, observation. 3. experience= human understanding. 4. human life can be understood same way as natural world. 5. human history is one of progess. 6. humans can be improved thru education and perceptors. 7. religious doctrines have no place in understanding the physical and human worlds. |
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DESCARTES at the end of his study realizes what?
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that he doesn't know anything because the more he learns, the more he realizes he has MORE to learn (has doubts/errors).
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What is the paradox for Descartes?
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he went to the best school in europe, so there should be no reason why he should leave not knowing anything becase all he was taught by all learned men.
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man v animal
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man has memory, to be taught. animal has instict, subconsciousness.
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perfect v perfectable
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perfect: already reach full potiential
perfectable: has potiential |
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PERFECT
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per: quite
fectus: facere, done QUITE DONE (all) |
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ENTELECHY
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en: in. tel: telos, goal/end. echela: to be. TO HAVE REACHED ONE'S GOAL.
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What is the nature of a man and cat?
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to have no nature- determined to be nothing, all will become like enviroment: can be good or bad. determines what to be. NATURE= by birth.
CAT: is to be a cat |
