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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an Ion?
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An atom that is positively or negatively charged
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What do Ions make up?
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A Compound that is formed from metals and non-metals
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Is extracting ores economic? Will this change over time?
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Yes and yes
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How is metal extracted from ores?
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Mining
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How is gold extracted? Does this happen with most metals? If not, what does happen?
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Mining, no and most metals are extracted through chemical reactions from their compounds
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Which metals are extracted from their oxides? And how?
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Metals that are less reactive than Carbon and through Carbon reduction
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How is Iron Oxide used to make Iron?
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It is put in a Blast Furnace
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How are metals that are more reactive than Carbon extracted? Why is this not economical?
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Through Electrolysis of molten compounds and because it used high amounts of energy (this makes them expensive)
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How is Copper extracted? How is it purified? Why is Copper valuable?
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Extraction through Copper-rich ores then by heating it in a furnace and by Electrolysis and because these Copper-rich ores are limited
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How are people working on making extracting Copper more ecological? What are the two products of this?
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People are researching more ecological ways to mine Copper and the products are Phytomining and Bioleaching
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How can Copper be obtained through Copper Salts and scrap Iron?
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Electrolysis and Displacement
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Why is Aluminium and Titanium extraction expensive (two reasons)?
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There are many stages to the process and large amounts of energy are required
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Why should we recycle metals (two reasons)?
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Extraction, as opposed to Recycling, has a negative impact on the environment (it uses up valuable, limited resources) and it is expensive
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How can land that is contaminated by metals be salvaged? What are some metals that are affected by this method?
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You can plant plants, such as Brassicas, which take the metals back out of the soil, these metals can then be recovered and some metals are Cadmium, Nickel and Cobalt
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What is Phytomining?
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Metals are extracted from the soil using plants, these are then burnt and the metals are extracted from the ash
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What are the advantages of Phytomining?
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It helps the environment
Better than conventional mining If the scale is increased it could lead to a cheaper option than mining Copper traditionally |
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What are the disadvantages of Phytomining?
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Plants depend on the environment and weather
A lot of plants are needed to produce even a small amount of metal A lot of land is needed |
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What is Bioleaching?
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Bioleaching (Biomining) is when organisms are used to extract ores. It uses bacteria to break down the rock. The bacteria use Oxidation to convert metal sulphide into pure metals and sulphates.
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What are the advantages of Bioleaching?
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It is an efficient and environmentally friendly way to extract metal with low concentrations of ore
It does not cost a lot compared to other methods It could be used to harvest Moon minerals when our resources are running low |
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What are the disadvantages of Bioleaching?
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It produces Sulfuric acid and it must be disposed of properly
It can be unpredictable as it uses living organisms Bioleaching is incompatible with some substances It is slower than most techniques |
