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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Between which rivers was Mesopotamia located?
Tigris, Euphrates
What were 2 characteristics of Mesopotamia's fertile valley?
hot temperatures, giant mountains
Why did humans need surplus of food?
To be able to build up denser populations.
What happened when there was a drought?
Scarcity
What does scarcity mean?
lack of abundance
What was Mesopotamia's nickname?
cradle of Western civilization?
Why was Mesop. called the cradle of western civilization?
Was where the first Western civilization formed.
When did Mesopotamia occur?
5000 BC
Which peoples lived in Mesopotamia?
Babylonians, Assyrians, Sumarians
Where is Mesopotamia located? (present day)
Iraq, Turkey, Iran
What were Mesopotamia's city-states?
Babylon, Ur, Urok
How long did Mesopotamia domesticate its animals?
4000 years
Why did Mesopotamia have the first animals?
1. advanced tech
2. animal husbandry
3. domesticated cows, camels, plants
What did Mesopotamia use its domesticated animals for?
milk, meat, leather, dung
What happened during the Stone Age?
no metals yet though sophisticated agriculture
Which cereals/pulses did Mesop. have that were the "best?"
peans, lentils
Why did Mesop. have irrigation systems?
Need water or hot sun would bake earth dry/ kill crops
What did Mesopotamians do during summer drought?
Used stored water/spring floods to water crops.
How did Mesop. manage high rivers?
Have wood/mud dykes, catch basins with them and hold water back. ("artifically constructed reservoirs")
Which crops did Mesop. grow? How?
Wheat, millet, barley. Irrigation systems.
How many acres did Mesop. grow?
billions of bushels per acre
Mesop. --> civilization / wilderness?
First to build and wall away cities using mud and brick, creating civilization vs. wilderness.
How were the Mesopotamians involved in warfare?
Babylonians vs. Assyrians
What did the Babylonians and Assyrians fight over?
1. religion
2.water rights
3. territory
What happened with bigger city states?
more warfare?
How did the city-states manage warfare?
1. slave armies
2. draft
3. mercenary
How were chieftains related to irrigation?
Chieftains who organized irrigation became priests.
How did Mesopotamia destroy its land?
Too much salinity (irrigation); water deposited salt in plan, causing wheat and millet to stop growing.
How is Mesopo. envir. significant?
caused its own famine by destroying its land because of salinity. They only had barley after (no wheat, millet). It = first to rise and fall through tech + manip. of the environment.