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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Between which rivers was Mesopotamia located?
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Tigris, Euphrates
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What were 2 characteristics of Mesopotamia's fertile valley?
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hot temperatures, giant mountains
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Why did humans need surplus of food?
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To be able to build up denser populations.
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What happened when there was a drought?
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Scarcity
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What does scarcity mean?
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lack of abundance
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What was Mesopotamia's nickname?
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cradle of Western civilization?
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Why was Mesop. called the cradle of western civilization?
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Was where the first Western civilization formed.
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When did Mesopotamia occur?
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5000 BC
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Which peoples lived in Mesopotamia?
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Babylonians, Assyrians, Sumarians
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Where is Mesopotamia located? (present day)
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Iraq, Turkey, Iran
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What were Mesopotamia's city-states?
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Babylon, Ur, Urok
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How long did Mesopotamia domesticate its animals?
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4000 years
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Why did Mesopotamia have the first animals?
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1. advanced tech
2. animal husbandry 3. domesticated cows, camels, plants |
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What did Mesopotamia use its domesticated animals for?
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milk, meat, leather, dung
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What happened during the Stone Age?
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no metals yet though sophisticated agriculture
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Which cereals/pulses did Mesop. have that were the "best?"
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peans, lentils
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Why did Mesop. have irrigation systems?
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Need water or hot sun would bake earth dry/ kill crops
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What did Mesopotamians do during summer drought?
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Used stored water/spring floods to water crops.
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How did Mesop. manage high rivers?
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Have wood/mud dykes, catch basins with them and hold water back. ("artifically constructed reservoirs")
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Which crops did Mesop. grow? How?
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Wheat, millet, barley. Irrigation systems.
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How many acres did Mesop. grow?
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billions of bushels per acre
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Mesop. --> civilization / wilderness?
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First to build and wall away cities using mud and brick, creating civilization vs. wilderness.
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How were the Mesopotamians involved in warfare?
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Babylonians vs. Assyrians
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What did the Babylonians and Assyrians fight over?
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1. religion
2.water rights 3. territory |
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What happened with bigger city states?
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more warfare?
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How did the city-states manage warfare?
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1. slave armies
2. draft 3. mercenary |
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How were chieftains related to irrigation?
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Chieftains who organized irrigation became priests.
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How did Mesopotamia destroy its land?
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Too much salinity (irrigation); water deposited salt in plan, causing wheat and millet to stop growing.
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How is Mesopo. envir. significant?
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caused its own famine by destroying its land because of salinity. They only had barley after (no wheat, millet). It = first to rise and fall through tech + manip. of the environment.
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