Mesenteries And Body Cavities

Front 1

thin membranous tissues that hold organs in place and provide support for large blood vessels and nerves, some can serve as fat storage

Back 1

messenteries

Front 2

somatic mesoderm form this outside peritoneum

Back 2

parietal peritoneum (lines body wall)

Front 3

splachnic mesoderm forms this insdie peritoneum

Back 3

visceral peritoneum (lines gut)

Front 4

Describe the partioning of coeloms in fish

Back 4

divided into two sections the pericardial and the pleuroperitoneal

Front 5

Describe the partioning of coeloms in amphibians

Back 5

the pleuroperitoneal encasses the lungs, and secondary mesenteries form to support it,
Pericardnial cavity still houses the heart

Front 6

Describe the partioning of coeloms in reptiles

Back 6

peritoneum splits to form the pericardinal around the heart,
Pleuroperitoneal cavity extends more anteriorly,
Partion to seperate the lungs from other organs begins to form

Front 7

Describe the partioning of ceoloms in mammals

Back 7

Lungs increase in size and completely surround the pericardinal sac,
Pleural cavity becomes seperated from the peritoneal cavity by the diaphragm

Front 8

What is the advantage of the secondary palate in amniotes

Back 8

allows for breathing and chewing food at the same time

Front 9

What is the advantage of the oral vestibule in mammals

Back 9

seperates the lips from the lower jaw and allows for facial expresion, some animals use this space as food storage

Front 10

Trends in teeth.....

Back 10

reduction in tooth number and distribution, fish/amphibians replace teeth multiple times, reptiles replace teeth occasionally, mammals replace teeth once

Front 11

Tooth attatchment trends...

Back 11

jawed fish- teeth embedded in upper jaw loosely
Amphibians- teeth embedded in lower jaw
Reptiles- teeth embedded in jaw socket
Mammals- have two sockets per tooth

Front 12

Tooth differentiation...

Back 12

present only in mammals, varied diet calls for varied tooth shape

Front 13

Theese teeth are used to tear flesh

Back 13

canine, incisors

Front 14

This tooth is used to shred food

Back 14

premolars

Front 15

This tooth is used to grind food

Back 15

molars

Front 16

Herbivores have......while carnivores have....

Back 16

large grinding surfaces
.....
sharp edges for shredding meat

Front 17

What are the purpose of salivary glands in tetrapods?

Back 17

To produce mucous and serous products to moisten food and partially digest food, keep the membranes of the mouth moist

Front 18

These glands are large, located outside of the mouth, and have one excretory duct

Back 18

major salivary glands (used when food is present)

Front 19

These glands are small, have many excretory ducts, and are located within the mouth

Back 19

minor salivary glands (used to moisten the mouth)

Front 20

The major salivary gland of the mammal is the

Back 20

parotid gland (remembles poisong gland of snakes)

Front 21

This group has a long glandular extension of the primary tongue

Back 21

amphibians

Front 22

These groups have a large muscular tongue to capture food and manipulate that food

Back 22

reptiles and mammals

Front 23

This group has a highly adaptive stiff tongue that contains no intrinsic muscle

Back 23

birds (moved soley by the hyoid arch)

Front 24

The ..... are an important part of the pharynx in fish and amphibians

Back 24

gills

Front 25

openenings in the roof of the mouth of tetrapods to connect the nasal passage with the oral cavity

Back 25

internal nares

Front 26

Opening that connects the trachea to the esophagus
.....
Flap that closes to protect the trachea when swallowing

Back 26

Glottis
....
Epiglottis

Front 27

These connect the inner ear cavity to the pharynx

Back 27

auditory tubes

Front 28

In mammals this organ is found in the oral region of the pharynx and is part of the immune system

Back 28

tonsils (several pairs gurad the entry to the esophagus)

Front 29

What are the tonsils made of?

Back 29

large agregates of lymphoid tissue

Front 30

What is the purpose of the follicles in the tonsil?

Back 30

follicles contain the lymphocytes to fight pathogens

Front 31

What are the purpose of the crypts

Back 31

cavities lined with squamosous epithelium which traps food within the tonsils