Mental Health Exam Two

Front 1

Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS)

Back 1

toll used to screen for symptoms of movement disorders (side effects of neuroleptic medications

Front 2

Akathisia

Back 2

intense need to move about; characterized by restless movement, pacing, inability to remain still, and the client's report of inner restlessness

Front 3

Alogia

Back 3

a lack of any real meaning or substance in what the client says

Front 4

Anhedonia

Back 4

having no pleasure or joy in life; losing any sense of pleasure from activities formerly enjoyed

Front 5

Blunted affect

Back 5

showing little or a slow-to-respond facial expression; few observable facial expressions.

Front 6

Catatonia

Back 6

psychomotor disturbance, either motionless or excessive motor

Front 7

Command Hallucinations

Back 7

disturbed auditory sensory perceptions demanding that the client take action, often to harm self or others, and are considered dangerous, often referred to as "voices"

Front 8

Delusions

Back 8

a fixed, false belief not based in reality

Front 9

Depersonalization

Back 9

feelings of being disconnected from himself or herself; the client feels detached from his or her behavior

Front 10

Dystonic reactions

Back 10

reactions to antipsychotic meds that appear early in the course of treatment and are characterized by spasms in discrete muscle groups such as the neck muscles or eye muscles. may also be accompanied by protrusion of the tongue.

Front 11

Echolalia

Back 11

repetition or imitation of what someone else says; echoing what is heard

Front 12

Echopraxia

Back 12

imitation of the movements and gestures of someone an individual is observing

Front 13

Extrapyramidal side effects

Back 13

reversible movement disorders induced by antipsychotic or neuroleptic medication

Front 14

Flat affect

Back 14

showing no facial expression

Front 15

Hallucinations

Back 15

false sensory perceptions or perceptual experiences that do not really exist

Front 16

Ideas of reference

Back 16

client's inaccurate interpretation that general events are personally directed to him or her, such as hearing a speech on the news and believing the message has personal meaning

Front 17

Latency of response

Back 17

refers to hesitation before the client responds to questions

Front 18

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

Back 18

a potentially fatal, idiosyncratic reaction to an antipsychotic (or neuroleptic) drug

Front 19

neuroleptics

Back 19

antipsychotic medications

Front 20

polydipsia

Back 20

excessive water intake

Front 21

Pseudoparkinsonism

Back 21

a type of extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic medication; drug-induced parkinsonism; includes shuffling gait, masklike facies, muscle stiffness (continuous) or cogwheeling rigidity (rat=chet-like movements of joints), drooling, and akinesia (slowness and difficulty initiating movement)

Front 22

Psychomotor retardation

Back 22

overall slowed movements; a general slowing of all movements; slow cognitive processing and slow verbal interaction

Front 23

Psychosis

Back 23

cluster of symptoms including delusions, hallucinations, and grossly disordered thinking and behavior

Front 24

Tardive dyskinesia

Back 24

a late-onset, irreversible neurologic side effect of antipsychotic medications; characterized by abnormal, involuntary movements such as lip smaking, tongue protrusion, chewing, blinking, grimacing, choreiform movements of the limbs and feet

Front 25

Thought blocking

Back 25

stopping abruptly in the middle of a sentence or train of thought; sometimes client is unable to continue the idea

Front 26

Thought broadcasting

Back 26

a delusional belief that others can hear or know what the client is thinking

Front 27

Thought insertion

Back 27

a delusional belief that others are putting ideas or thoughts into the client's head; that is, the ideas are not those of the client

Front 28

Thought withdrawal

Back 28

a delusional belief that others are taking the client's thoughts away and the client is powerless to stop it.

Front 29

Waxy flexibility

Back 29

maintenance of posture or position over time even when it is awkward or uncomfortable

Front 30

Word Salad

Back 30

flow of unconnected words that convey no meaning to the listener

Front 31

Positive/ Hard symptoms

Back 31

ambivalence, associative looseness, delusions, echopraxia, flight of ideas, hallucinations, ideas of reference, perservation

Front 32

Negative/ Soft symptoms

Back 32

alogia, anhedonia, apathy, blunted affect, catatonia, flat affect, lack of volition

Front 33

Ambivalence

Back 33

holding seemingly contradictory beliefs or feelings about the same person, event, or situation

Front 34

associative looseness

Back 34

fragmented or poorly related thoughts and ideas

Front 35

flight of ideas

Back 35

continuous flow of verbalization in which the person jumps rapidly from one topic to another

Front 36

perseveration

Back 36

persistent adherence to a single idea or topic; verbal repetition of a sentence, word, or phrase; resisting attempts to change the topic

Front 37

apathy

Back 37

feelings of indifference toward people, activities, and events

Front 38

Lack of volition

Back 38

absence of will, ambition, or drive to take action or accomplish tasks

Front 39

Schizophrenia, paranoid type

Back 39

characterized by persecutory (feeling victimized or spied on) or grandiose delusions, hallucinations, and, occasionally, excessive religiosity (delusional religious focus) or hostile and aggressive behavior

Front 40

Schizophrenia, disorganized type

Back 40

characterized by grossly inappropriate or flat affect, incoherence, loose associations, and extremely disorganized behavior

Front 41

Schizophrenia, catatonic type

Back 41

characterized by marked psychomotor disturbance, either motionless or excessive motor activity. motor immobility may be manifested by catalepsy (waxy flexibility) or stupor. excessive motor activity is apparently purposeless and is not influenced by external stimuli. other features include extreme negativism, mutism, peculiarities of voluntary movement, echolalia, and echopraxia.

Front 42

Schizophrenia, undifferentiated type

Back 42

characterized by mixed schizophrenic symptoms (of other types) along with disturbances of thought, affect, and behavior

Front 43

Schizophrenia, residual type

Back 43

characterized by at least one previous, though not current, episode; social withdrawal; fat affect; and looseness of associations

Front 44

Schizoaffective disorder

Back 44

diagnosed when the client has the psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia and meets the criteria for major affective or mood disorder. the mood disorder can be mania, depression, or mixed moods

Front 45

schizophreniform disorder

Back 45

the client exhibits the symptoms of schizophrenia but for less than 6 months necessary to meet the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. social or occupational functioning may or may not be impaired

Front 46

delusional disorder

Back 46

the client has one or more nonbizarre delusions-that is, the focus of the delusion is believable. psychosocial functioning is not markedly impaired, and behavior is not obviously odd or bizarre.

Front 47

brief psychotic disorder

Back 47

the client experiences the sudden onset of at least one psychotic symptom, such as delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech or behavior, which lasts from 1 day to 1 month. the episode may or may not have been an identifiable stressor or may follow childbirth

Front 48

shared psychotic disorder (follie a deux)

Back 48

two people share a similar delusion. the person with this diagnosis develops this delusion in the context of a close relationship with someone who has psychotic delusions.

Front 49

clang associations

Back 49

are ideas that are related to one another based on sound or rhyming rather than meaning

Front 50

neologisms

Back 50

words invented by the client

Front 51

verbigeration

Back 51

is the stereotyped repetition of words or phrases that may or may not have meaning to the listener

Front 52

stilted language

Back 52

use of words or phrases that are flowery, excessive, and pompous

Front 53

persecutory/ paranoid delusions

Back 53

involve the client's belief that "others" are planning to harm the client or are spying, following, ridiculing, or belittling the client in some way. sometimes the client cannot define who these "others" are.

Front 54

grandiose delusions

Back 54

are characteried by the client's claim to association with famous people or celebrities, or the client's belief that he or she is famous or capable of great feats

Front 55

religious delusions

Back 55

often center around the second coming of Christ or another significant religious figure or prophet. these religious delusions appear suddenly as part of the client's psychosis and are not part of his or her religious faith or that of others

Front 56

somatic delusions

Back 56

are generally vague and unrealistic beliefs about the client's health or bodily functions. factual information or diagnostic testing does not change these beliefs

Front 57

referential delusions

Back 57

or ideas of reference involve the client's belief that television broadcasts, music, or newspaper articles have special meaning for him or her.

Front 58

anergia

Back 58

lack of energy

Front 59

anhedonia

Back 59

having no pleasure or joy in life; losing any sense of pleasure from activities formerly enjoyed

Front 60

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Back 60

used to treat depression in select groups such as clients who do not respond to antidepressants or those who experience intolerable medication side effects at therapeutic doses

Front 61

euthymic

Back 61

normal or level mood

Front 62

flight of ideas

Back 62

excessive amount and rate of speech composed of fragmented or unrelated ideas; racing, often unconnected, thoughts

Front 63

hypertensive crisis

Back 63

a life-threatening condition that can result when a client taking MAOIs ingests tyramine-containing foods and fluids or other medications

Front 64

hypomania

Back 64

a period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood lasting 4 days; does not impair the ability to function and does not involve psychotic features

Front 65

kindling

Back 65

the snowball-like effect seen when minor seizure activity seems to build up into more frequent and severe seizures

Front 66

labile emotions

Back 66

rapidly changing or fluctuating, such as someone's mood or emotions

Front 67

latency of response

Back 67

refers to hesitation before the client responds to questions

Front 68

mania

Back 68

a distinct period during which mood is abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable

Front 69

mood disorders

Back 69

pervasive alterations in emotions that are manifested by depression or mania or both

Front 70

pressured speech

Back 70

unrelenting, rapid, often loud talking without pauses

Front 71

psychomotor agitation

Back 71

increased body movements and thoughts

Front 72

psychomotor retardation

Back 72

overall slowed movements; a general slowing of all movements; slow cognitive processing and slow verbal interaction

Front 73

ruminate

Back 73

to repeatedly go over the same thoughts

Front 74

seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

Back 74

mood disorder with two subtypes; in one, most commonly called winter depression or fall-onset SAD, people experience increased sleep, appetite, and carbohydrate cravings; weight gain; interpersonal conflict; irritability; and heaviness in the extremities beginning in late autumn and abating in spring and summer; the other subtype, called spring-onset sad, is less common and includes symptoms of insomnia, weight loss, and poor appetite lasting from late spring or early summer until early fall

Front 75

suicidal ideation

Back 75

thinking about killing yourself

Front 76

suicide

Back 76

the intentional act of killing oneself

Front 77

suicide precautions

Back 77

removal of harmful items; increased supervision to prevent acts of self-harm

Front 78

dysthmic disorder

Back 78

characterized by at least 2 years of depressed mood for more days than not with some additional, less severe symptoms that do not meet the criteria for major depressive episode

Front 79

cyclothymic disorder

Back 79

characterized by 2 years of numerous periods of both hypomanic symptoms that do not meet the criteria for bipolar disorder

Front 80

substance-induced mood disorder

Back 80

characterized by prominent and persistent disturbance in mood that is judged to be a direct physiologic consequence of ingested substances such as alcohol, other drugs or toxins

Front 81

mood disorder due to a general medical condition

Back 81

characterized by a prominent and persistent disturbance in mood that is judged to be a direct physiologic consequence of a medical condition such as degenerative neurologic conditions, cerebrovascular disease, metabolic or endocrine conditions, autoimmune disorders, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections or certain cancers

Front 82

Bipolar I disorder

Back 82

one or more manic or mixed episodes usually accompanied by major depressive episodes

Front 83

Bipolar II disorder

Back 83

one or more major depressive episodes accompanied by at least one hypomanic episode

Front 84

12 step program

Back 84

self help group, is based on the philosophy that total abstinence is essential and that alcoholics need the help and support of others to maintain sobriety

Front 85

blackout

Back 85

an episode during which the person continues to function but has no conscious awareness of his or her behavior at the time nor any later memory of the behavior; usually associated with alcohol consumption

Front 86

codependence

Back 86

a maladaptive coping pattern on the part of family members or others that results from a prolonged relationship with the person who uses substances

Front 87

controlled substance

Back 87

drug classified under the Controlled Substances Act; includes opioids, stimulants, benzodiazepines, anabolic steroids, cannabis derivatives, psychedelics, and sedatives

Front 88

denial

Back 88

defense mechanism; clients may deny directly having any problems or may minimize the extent of problems or actual substance use

Front 89

detoxification

Back 89

the process of safely withdrawing from a substance

Front 90

dual diagnosis

Back 90

the client with both substance abuse and other psychiatric illness

Front 91

flushing

Back 91

reddening of the face and neck as a result of increased blood flow

Front 92

hallucinogen

Back 92

substances that distort the user's perception of ability and produce symptoms similar to psychosis including hallucinations (usually visual) and depersonalization

Front 93

inhalant

Back 93

a diverse group of drugs including anesthetics, nitrates, and organic solvents that are inhaled for their effects.

Front 94

intoxication

Back 94

use of a substance that results in maladaptive behavior

Front 95

opioid

Back 95

controlled drugs; often abused because they desensitize the user to both physiologic and psychological pain and induce a sense of euphoria and well-being; some are prescribed for analgesic effects but others are illegal in the US

Front 96

polysubstance abuse

Back 96

abuse of more than one substance

Front 97

spontaneous remission

Back 97

natural recovery that occurs without treatment of any kind

Front 98

stimulants

Back 98

drugs that stimulate or excite the central nervous system

Front 99

substance abuse

Back 99

can be defined as using a drug in a way that is inconsistent with medical or social norms despite negative consequences

Front 100

substance dependence

Back 100

includes problems associated with addiction, such as tolerance, withdrawal, and unsuccessful attempts to stop using the substance

Front 101

tapering

Back 101

administering decreasing doses of a medication leading to discontinuation of the drug

Front 102

tolerance

Back 102

the need for increased amount of substance to produce the same effect

Front 103

tolerance break

Back 103

very small amounts of a substance will produce intoxication

Front 104

withdrawal syndrome

Back 104

refers to the negative psychological and physical reactions that occur when use of a substance ceases or dramatically decreases