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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
sociolegal studies
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using a mutlidisciplinary framework in the study of the law
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critical legal studies
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1970's movement that viewed laws as tools of oppresion employed by the powerful to control the less powerful
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feminist jurisprudence
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studies the law as a way to maintain male-centered values
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therapeutic jurisprudence
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studying the law, at least in part, in terms of the impact involvement in the legal system has on mental health
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law and economics
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school of thought which maintains that the goal of law is to maximize efficiency and prosperity
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forensic psychology
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the application of the methods and procedures of psychology to the legal system
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trial consultants
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social scientists who specialize in the applicationof psychological knowledge to jury selection and litigation strategies
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dialectic analysis
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an approach that studies the tension between competing values
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due process model
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places primary value on protecting the rights of citizens, including criminal suspects and on the assumption of innocence
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crime control model
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places primary importance on efficient detection and punishment of offenders
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ex post facto
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clause which forbids the enactment of new laws which extend punishment for past crimes
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double jepardy
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clause prohibits a second prosecution an offense a person has been cleared of once
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notification law
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laws which require notification of communities when sex-offender is released into their community
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sexual predator laws
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laws which allow the state to have a high risk sex offender committed indefinitely to a mental hospital upon release from prison.
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equality
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the same treatment in the criminal justice system regardless of wealth, status, or power
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principle of proportionality
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the punishment should be consistent to the severity of the crime
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discretion
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the use of judgement to determine appropriate sentances
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sentancing disparity
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the tendancy of different judges to administer a variety of penalties for the same crime
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determinate sentancing
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the offense determines the sentance and the courts have very little discretion
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jury nullification
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the right of the jury to acquit a legally guilty defendent if the jury feels that the defendent is morally blameless for the crime
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settlement negotiation
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the plantiff and defendent meet outside of court and agree to a resolution
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amicus curiae
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a brief filed by a party who is not part of the court proceedings to argue some point on behalf of one of the sides
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case law
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law made by rulings in individual cases
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stare decisis
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tendancy of judges to be reluctant to make decisions that contradict earlier decisions
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basic scientist
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a scientist who conducts research in the interest of knowledge not due to real world applications
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applied scientist
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dedicated to applying knowledge to real world problems. trial consultant is an example of the applied scientist
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policy evaluator
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use of methodological skills to assess how well an intervention has worked
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advocate
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acting on behalf of a group and working to change society
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empowerment
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the goal of helping disenfranchized members of society gain greater power over their personal or collective situations
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