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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Attention |
- Key that opens the door to the information processing system - Develops from momentary in infancy to multitasking by adolescence |
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Immediate Memory |
- Occurs within first few seconds |
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Short Term Memory |
- Event occurred greater than 5 minutes ago - Types: 1. Storage * For example, remembering a telephone number
2. Processing * Figure a task out; Cooking without a recipe right infront of you
- Tasks that involve interaction b/n processing and storage decline with age |
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Temporal Sequencing |
Performing desired action sequences without interruption until the task is completed |
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Long Term Memory |
- Result of repitition |
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Procedural Memory |
- Involves motor skills - Less conscious processing required - Dementia pts. retain a considerable amt of procedural memory |
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Episodic Memory |
- Ability to retrieve memory from one point in time - Types: 1. Prospective Memory * Remembering to do something in the future
2. Source Memory * Remembering whether an event occurred externally (photography, smell, etc...) or from an internal stimuli |
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Psychomotor Functions |
Mental functions of control over physical and motor skills |
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Process Skills |
Used by individual to manage and modify actions en route to completion of daily life skills |
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Perception |
Ability to recognize and interpret sensory information |
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Visual Perception |
- Involves: * Visual Identification * Matching * Categorizing & Recognizing Shape, Size, Color, & Visual Discrimination * Perception of Details, Depth, Spatial Relations, & Directional Orientation |
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Olfactory Perception |
Sense of smell |
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Gustatory Perception |
Sense of taste |
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Tactile Perception |
1. Somatic Awareness * Information about the state of the body -> touch, pressure, temp., pain, etc... * Let's one know that clothes are covering the body
2. Kinesthetic Awareness * Movements within body and change in limb position
3. Haptic Awareness * Distinguishing tactual differences in texture, shape, size, weight, etc...
- Sensations perceived on different tracks in the brain; pt. may feel one sensation, but not the other - Described as either intact, impaired, or absent |
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Visuospatial Perception |
- Interaction of attention, visual perception, and analysis of speed and trajectory of movement - Provides info on the position and motion of objects in the environment |
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Vestibular Perception |
One's perception in space |
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Metacognition |
Mechanism through which we plan, organize, execute, and evaluate our day to day activities |
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Monitoring Functions |
Let us think about what we are doing before, during, and after we do it |
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Executive Functions |
- Controls and oversees functions of thought - Includes: * Initiation * Abstraction -> consider new or novel solutions to problems * Problem Solving * Cognitive Flexibility * Motor Planning -> ability of brain to conceive, organize, and carry out sequence of unfamiliar actions |
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Consciousness |
State of awareness and alertness |
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Orientation |
Person, place, time, & situation |
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Intellectual Functions |
- Skills required to understand and integrate information from all types of mental function - Types: 1. Psychometric * Ability to assimilate factual knowledge; IQ
2. Multiple Intelligences * Individual may excel in interpersonal relationships, but does poorly on IQ tests |
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Vulnerable Abilities (Mental Functions In Adults) |
- Spatial Reasoning - Perceptual Speed - ST Memory - Visual Processing - Processing Speed |
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Maintained Abilities (Mental Functions In Adults) |
- Cultural & Academic Knowledge - Verbal Comprehension - Vocabulary - Fluency of Retrieval From LT Memory |
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Nonassociative Learning |
Does not rely on memory of prior experience to associate a stimulus with a sensory experience |
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Perceptual Learning |
Sensory memories |
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Associative Learning |
- Learns to predict relationships and draws on LT memory to make associations - Operant condition with either positive or negative reinforcement - Shaping -> strategy used with operant conditioning that involves deliberate and gradual plan to change behavior |
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Social Learning |
- Learning through observing others and imitating or rejecting the behavior being observed - Modeling -> observation followed by imitation |
