Mental Disorders Due To General Medical Condition

Front 1

Delirium

Back 1

distrubance in consciousness
change in cognition and or development of perceptual abnormalitie
may cease within a few hours or persist for weeks

Front 2

Delirium - etiology

Back 2

High risk groups - Elderly, peole with decreased cerebral reserve due to dementia or stroke, postcardiotomy patients, burn patients, peole with drug dependence - during withdrawel.

Front 3

Delirium - Treatment

Back 3

2 targets
treatment of the underlying cause of the disorder and reduction of agitated behaviors. second, target is addressed by a combination of environmental manipulation and psychosocial intervention. Haloperidol or other anti-psychotic drugs may help reduce agitation

Front 4

Dementia

Back 4

characterized by multiple cognitve defices that include 1 degree of memory impairment 2 aphasia, aprxia, agnosia, and impaired executive funcioning. prgressive and irreversible.

Front 5

Dementia - antrograde or retrograde amnesia?

Back 5

Both, but antrograde more evident in the beginning.

Front 6

Aphasia

Back 6

difficulty with lagnuage functioning

Front 7

Apraxia

Back 7

trouble executing motor actions

Front 8

Agnosia

Back 8

inability to recognize and identify familiar objects and people.

Front 9

Dementia - Differential Diagnosis - Pseudodementia

Back 9

major depressive disorder resembling dementia in older people - person is overly concerned about symptoms and the symptoms are abrupt rather then progressive.

Front 10

Denentia of Alzheimers Type
3 - stages

Back 10

single most common casue of dementia - 65% of all cases. Gradual onset of symptoms and progressive delcine in cog. functioning.
1 anterograde amnesia
2 increasing retrograde amnesia, fluent aphasia
3 deteriorated intellectual functioning - urinary and fecal incontinence.

Front 11

Diagnosing Alzehimers

Back 11

usuallly diagnosed only when all other causes have been ruled out for dementia. definiteive diagnosise requires brain biopsy extensive neuron loss. 8-10 years duration from onset to death. more common in females than males.

Front 12

Etiology of alzheimers

Back 12

genetic component - abnormal chromosone 21 and 19. Aluminum deposits in brain tissue, a malfuncioning immune system, and a low level of acetylcholine (ACh). use of drogs like Cognex and Aricept help prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine Ach

Front 13

Teatment of Alzhemiers

Back 13

cobination of group therapy, antidepressant drugs, behavioral tech and antipsychotic drugs, include family, outcome best when remain home with families.

Front 14

Vascular Dementia

Back 14

cognitive impairments and focal neurological signs or laboratory evidence of cerebrovasular disease. "patchy" pattern of symptoms - determined by location of brain dmage. Recovery depends on cause - such as stroke. risk factors, smoking cigarette, hypertension, diabetes

Front 15

Dementia Due to HIV

Back 15

forgetfulness, impaired attentio, and slowed mental processes. - more severe depression and anxiety, no aphasia

Front 16

Denentia Due to Parkinsons Disease

Back 16

salient sympoms include bradykinesia (slowness of movement), rigidity, and a resting tremor. masklike facial expressions. 50% prominent symptoms of depression. 60% of parkinsons develop dementia. associated with loss of dopamine-producing cells and presence of Lewy bodies. more likely the result of environmental factors than genetics.

Front 17

Dementia Due to Huntington's Disease

Back 17

fatal inherited disease that casued dgegeration of GABA-secreting cells in the substantia nigra, basal ganglia, and cortex. Cognitive deterioration begins with forgetfulness and eventuall progresses to dementia. fidgeting and clumsiness. loss of impulse control. High sucide risk becasue aware of disease

Front 18

Dissociative Amnesia

Back 18

TRauma...only cant remember the experience of trauma.