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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Multi Store Model
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maintence
environ stim attention rehearsal sensory ---------> short ----------------> long term mem term mem mem info maintenance retrieval rehears |
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Long Term Memory
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-memory of events that have happened in the past
DURATION: Potentially a lifetime CAPACITY: Potentially unlimited ENCODING: Semantic (meaning) |
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Short Term Memory
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-memory of immediate events
-lasts a limited time and decay unlessed rehearsed DURATION: 20 seconds at most (Peterson) CAPACITY: less than 7 chunks 7+/-2 items ENCODING: acoustic or visual |
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Capacity
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-measure of how much can be held in memory
-measure in terms of bits of information STM has a very limited capacity (less than 7 chunks) LTM potentially unlimited capacity |
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Duration
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a measure of how long a memory lasts for before it's
no longer available -STM has a limited duration -LTM has a potentially unlimited duration (life time) |
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Encoding
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-the way information is changed so that it can stored in memory
-infor stored in several forms VISUAL- picture ACOUSTIC - sounds SEMANTIC - meaning |
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Chunking
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Miller proposed that ht ecapactiy of STM can be enhanced by grouping sets of digits or letters into meaningful units or 'chunks'
FOR EXAMPLE- it's easier to remember 100 10 1000 100 than 100101000100 |
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Peterson and Peterson (1959) DURATION OF STM
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WHO? 24 students
WHAT? -said consonant sylabble followed by 3 digit number - immediately after P count down backwards from 3 didgit number in 3s or 4s - asked to recall sylabble - rehearsal was prevented (counting backwards) - 2 practice 8 trials (each time retention interval different 3, 6, 9, 12 seconds) FINDINGS? P's remembered 90% (interval =90seconds) 2% (interval = 18 seconds) CONCLUSION? when rehearsal is prevented STM lasts about 20 seconds |
