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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Centromere |
the point on a chromosome by which it is attached to a spindle fiber during cell division |
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Centriole |
Are cylindrical sstructures that are composed of groupings of microtubules. They are found in animal cells. They help to organize the assembly of microtubules during cell division. They are found within cell structures known as centrosomes. |
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Interphase |
the phase of the cell cycle in which a typical cell spends most of its life. During this phase, the cell copies its DNA in preparation for mitosis |
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Prophase |
chromatid condenses to form chromosomes. Nuclear envelopes fragments. centrioles start to move. Mitotic spindle about to form.
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Metaphase |
Chromosomes line up at the equatorial plate. Mitotic spindle formed. Centrioles are at opposite sides
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Anaphase |
sister chromatids move apart. Cell elongats
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Telophase |
chromosome uncoils. Nuclear envelope reforms. Cell is ready to divide
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Cytokinesis |
animal cells form an cleavage furrow, and plant cells split at the cell plate. |
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Spindle |
a slender mass of microtubules formed when a cell divides. At metaphase, the chromosome becomes attached to it by their centromeres before being pulled toward its ends. |
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Cell Division |
the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.
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Mitosis |
produces 2 identical daughter cells.
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Chromosomes |
thread-like structure located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. they are made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid. |
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Gametes |
a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote |
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Zygote |
a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum |
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haploid |
the term used when a cell has half the usual number of chromosomes |
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diploid |
the term used when a cell contains the complete set of necessary chromosomes |
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meiosis 1 |
crossing over produces 2 cells |
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meiosis 2 |
crossing over doesn't not cross over produces 4 cells |
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G1 |
starts growing |
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S Phase |
DNA replication |
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G2 |
More growth, cell prepares to divide |
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mitosis |
nucleus and cell division occurs |
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bigger volume = |
smaller surface area |
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smaller volume = |
bigger surface area |
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liver is the only organ that can, nerve cells can't |
what kind of cells divide |
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CyClins & Kinases |
tells cells when to start and stop. (regulates the cell) |
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internal regulators |
proteins that react to changes inside the cell. Allow cell cycle to proceed only after certain process occurred |
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external regulators |
proteins that react to stimuli outside cell regulates speed |
