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242 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Oil glands found in the upper and lower edges of the eyelids that help lubricate the eye
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Meibomian glands
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blephar/o
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eyelid
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cor/o
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pupil
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core/o
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pupil
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pupill/o
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pupil
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corne/o
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cornea
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kerat/o
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cornea
(Note: kerat/o also means hard or horny tissue) |
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dacry/o
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tear, tear duct
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lacrim/o
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tear, tear duct
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irid/o
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iris
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ir/o
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iris
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ocul/o
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eye
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opthalm/o
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eye
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opt/o
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vision
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retin/o
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retina
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scler/o
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sclera
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cry/o
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cold
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dipl/o
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two, double
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phot/o
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light
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ton/o
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tension, pressure
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bi-
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two
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bin-
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two
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-opia
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vision (condition)
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-phobia
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abnormal fear of or aversion to a specific thing
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-plegia
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paralysis
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blepharitis
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inflammation of the eyelid
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blepharoptosis
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drooping of the eyelid (commonly called ptosis)
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conjunctivitis
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inflammation of the conjunctiva (commonly called pinkeye)
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dacryocystitis
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inflammation of the tear (lacrimal) sac
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diplopia
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double vision
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endophthalmitis
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inflammation within the eye
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iridoplegia
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paralysis of the iris
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iritis
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inflammation of the iris
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keratitis
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inflammation of the cornea
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keratomalacia
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softening of the cornea (usually a bilateral condition associated with vitamin a deficiency)
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leukocoria
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condition of white pupil
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oculomycosis
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abnormal condition of the eye caused by a fungus
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opthalmalgia
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pain in the eye
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phytophobia
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abnormal fear of (sensitivity) to light
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opthalmoplegia
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paralysis of the eye (muscle)
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retinoblastoma
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tumor arising from a developing retinal cell (a congenital, malignant tumor)
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retinopathy
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(any noninflammitory) disease of the retina (such as diabetic retinopathy)
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sclerokeratitis
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inflammation of the sclera and the cornea
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scleromalacia
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softening of the sclera
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xerophthalmia
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condition of dry eye (conjunctiva and cornea) (caused by vitamin a deficiency)
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cataract
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clouding of the lens of the eye
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astygmatism (Ast)
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defective curvature of the refractive surface of the eye
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detached retina
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separation of the retina from the choroid in the back of the eye.
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glaucoma
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eye disorder characterized by optic nerve damage. usually caused by the abnormal increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) if not treated will lead to blindness.
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hyperopia
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farsightedness
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macular degeneration
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a progressive deterioration of a portion of the retina called the macula lutea, resulting in loss of central vision.
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myopia
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nearsightedness
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presbyopia
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impaired vision as a result of aging.
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blepharoplasty
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surgical repair of the eyelid
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cryoretinopexy
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surgical fixation of the retins by using extreme cold
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dacryocystorhinostomy
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creation of an artificial opening between the tear (lacrimal) sac and the nose (to restore drainage into the nose when the nasolacrimal duct is obstructed or obliterated)
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dacryocystotomy
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incision into the tear (lacrimal) sac
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iridectomy
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excision (of part) of the iris
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iridotomy
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incision into the iris
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keratoplasty
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surgical repair of the cornea (corneal transplant)
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sclerotomy
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incision into the sclera
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enucleation
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surgical removal of the eyeball (also the removal of any organ that comes out clean and whole)
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LASIK
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(laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis) reshapes corneal tissue beneath the surface of the cornea. used to correct astigmatism, hyperopia, & myopia
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scleral buckling
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procedure to repair a detached retina.
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fluorescein angiography
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photographic process of recording blood vessels (of the eye with fluorescing dye)
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keratometer
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instrument used to measure the curvature of the cornea (used for fitting contact lenses)
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ophthalmoscope
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instrument used to visually examine the interior of the eye)
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ophthalmoscopy
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visual examination of the eye
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optometry
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measurement of vision (visual acuity and the prescribing of corrective lenses)
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pupillometer
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instrument used to measure the diameter of the pupil
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pupilloscope
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instrument used for visual examination of the pupil
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retinoscopy
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visual examination of the retina
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tonometer
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instrument used to measure pressure within the eye (used to diagnose glaucoma)
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tonometry
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measurement of pressure within the eye
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binocular
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pertaining to both eyes
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corneal
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pertaining to the cornea
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intraocular
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pertaining to within the eye
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lacrimal
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pertaining to tears
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nasolacrimal
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pertaining to the nose and tear ducts
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ophthalmic
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pertaining to the eye
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ophthalmologist
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physician who studies and treats diseases of the eye
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ophthalmology
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study of the eye
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ophthalmopathy
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any disease of the eye
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optic
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pertaining to vision
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pupillary
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pertaining to the pupil
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retinal
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pertaining to the retina
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miotic
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agent that constricts the pupil
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mydriatic
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agent that dilates the pupil
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optician
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a specialist who fills prescriptions for lenses (cannot prescribe lenses)
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optometrist
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a health professional who prescribes corrective lenses and/or eye exercises
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visual acuity (VA)
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sharpness of vision for either distance or near
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IOP
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intraocular pressure
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audi/o
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hearing
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auri/o
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ear
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aur/o
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ear
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ot/o
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ear
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cochle/o
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cochlea
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labyrinth/o
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labyrinth (inner ear)
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mastoid/o
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mastoid bone
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myring/o
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tympanic membrane
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staped/o
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stapes
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tympan/o
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tympanic membrane
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vestibul/o
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vestibule
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labyrinthitis
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inflammation of the labyrinth (also called vestibular neuritis)
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mastoiditis
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inflammation of the mastoid bone
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myringitis
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inflammation of the tympanic membrane
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otalgia
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pain in the ear
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otomastoiditis
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inflammation of the ear and the mastoid bone
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otomycosis
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abnormal condition of fungus in the ear (usually affects the external auditory meatus)
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otopyorrhea
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discharge of pus from the ear
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otorrhea
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discharge from the ear (may be serous, bloody, consisting of pus, or containing cerebrospinal fluid
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otosclerosis
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hardening of the ear (stapes)(caused by irregular bone development and resulting in hearing loss)
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tympanitis
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inflammation of the middle ear (also called otitis media)
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acoustic neuroma
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benign tumor within the auditory canal
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Meniere disease
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Chronic disease of the inner ear characterized by dizziness, ringing in the ear, and hearing loss.
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otitis externa
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inflammation of the outer ear
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otitis media
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inflammation of the middle ear (also called tympanitis)
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presbycusis
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hearing impairment in old age
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tinnitus
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ringing in the ears
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vertigo
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a sense that one's own body (subjective vertigo) or the environment (objective vertigo) is revolving. may indicate inner ear disease.
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cochlear implant
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pertaining to the cochlea implant (surgically inserted prosthetic device that uses electrical currents to stimulate the auditory nerve and provide hearing)
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labyrinthectomy
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excision of the labyrinth
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mastoidectomy
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excision of the mastoid bone
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mastoidotomy
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incision into the mastoid bone
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myringoplasty
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surgical repair of the tympanic membrane
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myringotomy
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incision into the tympanic membrane (performed to release pus or fluid and relieve pressure in the middle ear) (also called tympanocenteisi)
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stapedectomy
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excision of the stapes (performed to restore hearing in cases of otosclerosis; the stapes is replaced with a prosthesis)
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tympanoplasty
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surgical repair of the hearing mechanism of the middle ear (including the tympanic membrane and the ossicles)
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audiogram
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graphic record of hearing
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audiometer
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instrument used to measure hearing
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audiometry
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measurement of hearing
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otoscope
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instrument used for visual examination of the ear
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otoscopy
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visual examination of the ear
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tympanometer
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instrument used to measure middle ear function
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tympanometry
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measurement of movement of the tympanic membrane
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audiologist
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one who studies and specializes in hearing
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audiology
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study of hearing
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aural
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pertaining to the ear
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cochlear
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pertaining to the cochlea
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otologist
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physician who studies and treats diseases of the ear
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otology
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study of the ear
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otorhinolaryngologist
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physician who studies and treats diseases of the ear, nose, larynx (throat)(also called otolaryngologist)
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vestibular
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pertaining to the vestibule
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vestibulocochlear
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pertaining to the vestibule and cochlea.
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EENT
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eye,ear,nose, and throat
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ENT
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ear, nose, and throat
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cerebell/o
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cerebellum
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cerebr/o
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cerebrum
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dur/o
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hard, dura mater
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encephal/o
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brain
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gangli/o
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ganglion
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ganglion/o
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ganglion
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gli/o
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glial (also called neuralgia), gluey substance
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meningi/o
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meninges
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mening/o
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menenges
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myel/o
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spinal cord (note: myel/o also means bone marrow)
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neur/o
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nerve
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radic/o
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nerve root (proximal end of a peripheral nerve, closest to the spinal cord)
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radicul/o
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nerve root (proximal end of a peripheral nerve, closest to the spinal cord)
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rhiz/o
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nerve root (proximal end of a peripheral nerve, closest to the spinal cord)
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esthesi/o
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sensation, sensitivity, feeling
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ment/o
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mind
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psych/o
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mind
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mon/o
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one, single
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phas/o
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speech
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poli/o
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grey matter
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quadr/i
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four (note: an i is the combining vowel in quadr/i)
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-iatrist
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specialist, physician
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-iatry
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treatment, specialty
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-ictal
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seizure, attack
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-paresis
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slight paralysis (-plegia means paralysis)
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Alzheimer disease (AD)
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disease characterized by early senility, confusion, loss of recognition of familiar persons or surroundings, restlessness, and impaired memory.
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Bell palsy
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paralysis of muscles on one side of the face, usually a temporary condition.symptoms include a sagging mouth on the affected side and non-closure of the eyelid
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cerebral aneurysm
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aneurysm in the cerebrum
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cerebral embolism
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an embolus (usually a blood clot or piece of atherosclerotic plaque arising from a distant site) loges in a cerebral artery, causing sudden blockage of blood supply to the brain tissue
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dementia
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cognitive impairment characterized by a loss of intellectual brain function
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epilepsy
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disorder in which the main symptom is recurring seizures
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sciatica
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inflammation of the sciatic nerve
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stroke
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occurs when there is an interruption of blood supply to a region of the brain, depriving nerve cells in the affected area of oxygen and nutrients
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Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
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sudden deficient supply of blood to the brain, lasting a short time. symptoms may be similar to a stroke, but with TIA they are usually temporary and usual outcome is full recovery
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ganglionectomy
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excision of a ganglion (also called gangliectomy)
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neurectomy
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excision of a nerve
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neurolysis
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separating a nerve from adhesions
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neuroplasty
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surgical repair of a nerve
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neurorrhaphy
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suture of a nerve
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neurotomy
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incision into a nerve
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radicotomy
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incision into a nerve root (also called rhizotomy)
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cerebral angiography
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radiographic imaging of the blood vessels in the brain
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CT myelography
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process of recording the spinal cord after an injection of a contrasting agent into the subarachnoid space by lumbar puncture
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electroencephalogram (EEG)
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record of the electrical impulses of the brain
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electroencephalograph
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instrument used to record the electrical impulses of the brain
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anesthesia
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without (loss of) feeling or sensation
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aphasia
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condition of without speaking (loss or impairment of the ability to speak)
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cephalagia
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pain in the head (headache) (also called cephalgia)
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cerebral
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pertaining to the cerebrum
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craniocerebral
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pertaining to the cranium and cerebrum
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dysphasia
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condition of difficult speaking
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encephalosclerosis
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hardening of the brain
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gliocyte
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glial cell
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hemiparesis
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slight paralysis of half of the body (right or left)
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hemiplegia
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paralysis of half of the body (right or left) stroke is the most common cause
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hyperesthesia
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excessive sensitivity to stimuli
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interictal
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occurring between seizures or attacks
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intracerebral
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pertaining to within the cerebrum
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monoparesis
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slight paralysis of one limb
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monoplegia
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paralysis of one limb
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myelomalacia
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softening of the spinal cord
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neuroid
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resembling a verve
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neurologist
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physician who studies and treats diseases of the nervous system
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neurology
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study of nerves
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panplegia
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total paralysis (also spelled pamplegia)
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paresthesia
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abnormal sensation (such as burning, prickling, or tingling sensation, often in extremities; may be caused by nerve damage or peripheral neuropathy)
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postictal
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(occurring) after a seizure or attack
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preictal
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(occurring) before a seizure or attack
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quadriplegia
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paralysis of four limbs
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subdural
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pertaining to below the dura mater
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afferent
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conveyed toward a center
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ataxia
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lack of muscle coordination
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cognitive
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pertaining to the mental processes of comprehension, judgment, memory, and reason
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coma
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state of profound unconsciousness
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concussion
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jarring or shaking that results in an injury
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conscious
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awake, alert, aware of one's surroundings
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disorientation
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a state of mental confusion as to time, place, or identity
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efferent
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conveying away from the center
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gait
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a manner or style of walking
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incoherent
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unable to express ones thoughts or ideas in an orderly, intelligible manner
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paraplegia
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paralysis from the waist down
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shunt
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tube implanted in the body to redirect the flow of a fluid
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syncope
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fainting or sudden loss of consciousness caused by lack of blood supply to the brain
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unconsciousness
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state of being unaware of surroundings and incapable of responding to stimuli as a result of injury, shock, or illness
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psychiatrist
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a physician who studies and treats disorders of the mind
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psychiatry
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specialty of the mind
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psychogenic
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originating in the mind
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psychologist
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specialist of the mind
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psychology
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study of the mind
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psychopathy
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any disease of the mind
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psychosis
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abnormal condition of the mind
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psychosomatic
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pertaining to the mind and the body (interrelations of)
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ADHD
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(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) disorder of learning and behavior characterized by inattention, distractability, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity
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phobia
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a excessive, unreasonable fear related to a specific situation or object
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PTSD
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(posttraumatic stress disorder)
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CVA
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cerebrovascular accident
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