Meds, Urinary, Bowel, Integumentary

Front 1

Metamucil is known as

Back 1

Psyllium

Front 2

Psyllium (metamucil) is used for

Back 2

relief and prevention of constipation

Front 3

Colace is known as

Back 3

Ducusate

Front 4

Ducusate is used for

Back 4

(Colace) Softening of and passing of stool

Front 5

Dulcolax suppository is used for

Back 5

softening and passage of stool

Front 6

Fleets enema is known as

Back 6

(phosphate/ biphosphate)

Front 7

Biphosphate/ phosphate is used for

Back 7

( FLeets enema) relief of constipation, emptying of the bowel

Front 8

Pyridium is also known as

Back 8

Prodium, Azo-Standard, Pryridium (Plus), UTI relief

Front 9

Pyridium is used for

Back 9

acts locally on the urinary tract mucosa to produce analgesic or local anesthetic effects

Front 10

Macrobid is also known as

Back 10

Furadantin or macro dantin

Front 11

What is furadantin/ macro dantin used for

Back 11

interferes with bacteria enzymes. Prevent and treats UTI

Front 12

Keflex is known as

Back 12

Panixine

Front 13

Panixine normally treats

Back 13

(Keflex). Infection, binds to bacterial wall membrane causing cell death

Front 14

Cranberry is used for

Back 14

Increasing urine acidity and decreasing organism growth

Front 15

Bactrim DS is known as

Back 15

(Trimethroprim/ sulfamethoxale)

Front 16

Trimethroprim/ sulfamethoxale is commonly used for

Back 16

(Bactrim DS), Inhibits the metabolism of folic acid in bacteria. Treats UTI

Front 17

Vitamin C is used for

Back 17

Antioxidant, essential in collagen and facilitates iron re-absorption

Front 18

Miconzale cream is also known as

Back 18

zeazorb

Front 19

Zeasorb is used to

Back 19

prevent/ decrease fungus infections

Front 20

Dovonox cream is also known as

Back 20

Calipotriene

Front 21

Calipotriene is commonly used for

Back 21

(Dovonox cream) Decrease extent of lesions and modulates skin development

Front 22

Zinc is also known as

Back 22

(Orazine, vera zinc)

Front 23

Orazine is used for

Back 23

(Zinc)Replacement when deficient in. It is required for normal growth and tissue repair, wound healing, and sense for taste/smell

Front 24

Mutlivitamins are used for

Back 24

prevention of deficiency when pts state is questionable. Necessary for growth and development.

Front 25

Milk of magnesia is known as

Back 25

magnesium hydroxide

Front 26

what is magnesium hydroxide used for

Back 26

(milk of mag) causing peristalsis, evacuation of the colon

Front 27

What is the role of the mouth in digestion/ elimination

Back 27

Mechanically/ chem breaks down nutrients into usable forms, teeth masticate for swallowing purposes and the saliva dilutes and softens the food.

Front 28

Role of the esophagus in digestion

Back 28

the portal tube, peristalsis occurs, two sphincters

Front 29

role of the small intestine in digestion and absorption

Back 29

facilitates, from segmentation and peristaltic movement.

Front 30

Why is re-absorption important in the small intestine?

Back 30

When it reaches the end of the small intestine it is a paste consistency

Front 31

What is the primary organ for bowel elimination

Back 31

large intestine (colon)

Front 32

what does the small intestine consist of

Back 32

cecum, colon, and rectum

Front 33

What are the three functions of the lg intestine

Back 33

absorption, secretion, elimination

Front 34

what does the lg intestine absorb

Back 34

water, sodium, chloride.

Front 35

How much does a healthy adult absorb q4h from the colon?

Back 35

more than a gallon a water and an oz of salt

Front 36

If peristalsis is slow what is likely to occur? Fast?

Back 36

constipation/ diarrhea

Front 37

this is where bacteria convert fecal matter into its final form. It normally empties waste products until just before defaction

Back 37

rectum

Front 38

this expels feces and flatus. Internal and external sphincters along with nerves help with incontinence

Back 38

Anus

Front 39

What are some psychological, and physiological factors that influence bowel elimination

Back 39

age, diet, exercise, position, pain, pregancy, surgery, medication, stress, depression, constipation, diarrhea, incontinence, impaction

Front 40

How to assess your patient/ what do you assess with examination of bowel patterns

Back 40

patterns, artificial aid use, diet, surgeries, pain, belly sounds, appetite, fluid intake, emotional status, output. Look at their mouth. Their belly, inspect, auscultate, per-cuss, palpate

Front 41

What are some diagnosis and interventions related to elimination pattern of bowels

Back 41

constipation, impaction, incontinence, enemas

Front 42

Some common diagnostic tests for the bowels

Back 42

ob, o/p, culture, cdiff, colonoscopy, endoscopy, ct, mri, bowel training, i/o, exercise, diet, bilirubin, ALK, amylase CEA

Front 43

What are the roles of nutrition in bowel health

Back 43

regular intake increases peristalsis. Fresh fruits, veggies, whole grains, help flush wastes and fat

Front 44

What is the nurses responsibility legally when passing meds

Back 44

safely requires an understanding of legal aspects of healthcare, pharmacology. pharmacokinetics, life sciences, pathophysiology, human anatomy and math.

Front 45

What has the largest influence and defines the scope of the nurses professional functions and responsibilities.

Back 45

Nurse practice act

Front 46

this policy is often more restricted than government controls

Back 46

healthcare

Front 47

this is the study of how the medications enter the body, reach their site of action, metabolize, and exit the body

Back 47

pharmokinetics

Front 48

What is the primary intent of legal laws

Back 48

protect the public from unskilled, undereducated, and unlicensed personnel

Front 49

this is the chemical name in which provides an exact desc of its composition and molecular structure

Back 49

medication name

Front 50

this name is easy to remember, pronounce, and spell

Back 50

trade name

Front 51

what indicates the effect of the medication on a body system, the symptoms, or its desired effect

Back 51

classification

Front 52

this is a predicted or expected effect of a drug

Back 52

therapeutic

Front 53

this is predictable but unavoidable produced at a usual therapeutic dose. Either harmless or causes injury

Back 53

side effect

Front 54

this is when medication formulates in the blood stream bc of impaired metabolism or excretion

Back 54

drug toxicity

Front 55

this is when a medication acts as an antigen, triggering release of antibodies in the body. Symptoms can vary depending on the person and the med

Back 55

drug allergy

Front 56

this is life threatening and sudden constriction of the airway

Back 56

anaphylactic

Front 57

this is a persons diminished response to a drug either by repeated use or the body adapts to it

Back 57

drug tolerance

Front 58

this is the unexpected, intense action of a drug after it has been given for sometime

Back 58

cumulative

Front 59

This is unpredictab;e side effect in which a pt over or under reacts to a med or has a reaction that is different than normal

Back 59

Idiosynatic

Front 60

When one medication alters the action of another it is a

Back 60

drug interaction

Front 61

this is a new problem that has surfaced due to an action of the medical provider, when a pt acquires a new ilness

Back 61

latrogenic

Front 62

Advantages of oral route

Back 62

comfortable, easy, provides local and systemic effects.

Front 63

What can affect medication action

Back 63

timing of admin, route, metabolism, and excretion

Front 64

disadvantage of oral meds

Back 64

nausea, vomiting, reduced motility, gastric suction, confused, unable to swallow

Front 65

Sub Q, IM, IV, ID advantages

Back 65

more rapid absorption

Front 66

disadvantage of sub Q, IM, IV, ID

Back 66

tissue damage, bleeding tendencies, pain, infection, expense, can have higher reaction due to higher absorption rate

Front 67

SKin advantages

Back 67

local effect, painless, limited side effects

Front 68

disadvantage of skin route

Back 68

medication absorbed slowly, abrasion makes a risk for rapid absorption

Front 69

Transdermal advantages

Back 69

prolonged systemic effect and limited side effects.

Front 70

Disadvantage of transdermal

Back 70

oily/ pasty residue and sometimes soil clothes

Front 71

Advantage of mucous membrane route

Back 71

readily absorbed and capable of systemic effect

Front 72

disadvantage of mucous membrane route

Back 72

highly sensitive, suppositories can cause embarassment

Front 73

Inhalation advantage

Back 73

rapid relief of resp problems

Front 74

disadvantages of inhalation route

Back 74

local agents cause serious systemic effects

Front 75

Solids

CAplet

Capsule

Tablet

Back 75

Caplet- coated so easy to swallow

CApsule- incased in a gelatin shell

Tablet- pressed powder

Front 76

Liquid

Elixir

aqueous solution

extract

syrup

Back 76

Elixir- clerar fluid containing H20/alcohol

Aq solution- dissolved in H2o's

extract- syrup

syrup- dissolved in concentrated sugar solution

Front 77

Oral

Troche

Aerosol

Enteric coated (ER)

XR

SR

SA

Back 77

troche- flat round tablet that dissolves in h2o

aerosol- sprayed and absorbed in mouth

Enteric coated- Extended release

Sr- slow release

Front 78

Topical

Back 78

local effects (transdermal patch like nitroglycerin)

Front 79

Parental routes are

Back 79

intradermal (ID), Subcutaneous, Intramuscular (IM), Intravenous (IV)

Front 80

example of intradermal is

Back 80

TB test

Front 81

example of IV

Back 81

pain medication

Front 82

example of IM

Back 82

flu shot, into the muscle

Front 83

example of Sub Q

Back 83

Insulin, just under the epidermis

Front 84

Stat

Back 84

immediate

Front 85

single order

Back 85

one time dose given at a specific time

Front 86

standing order

Back 86

carried out until the prescriber cancels it by another order or a number of days elapses

Front 87

prn

Back 87

give as needed

Front 88

what are the essential parts of a drug order

Back 88

full name, date, time the order is written, medication name, dose, route, time and frequency to admin. signature of the health care provider

Front 89

what is important to do when communicating med orders

Back 89

make sure writing is easy to read, as questions, right out instead of abbrev, repeat back to the provider, document verbal orders in the MR. Include the pt name, DOB, drug name, exact dose/strength, freq, route, instructions for use, name and prescriber #, name of drug clarified with spelling

Front 90

what are the 6 rights

Back 90

right medication, right dose, right time, right patient, right route, right documentation

Front 91

What is important to know during medication reconcellation

Back 91

knowledge of their allergies

Front 92

When it comes to meds what should you assess

Back 92

hx, allergies, attitude, diet, coordination

Front 93

When preparing meds what should you do

Back 93

prepare one at a time, read label at least 3x, two pt identifiers, clarify anything not able to read, document only what you give, involve/educate your patients, follow policy and procedures, assess your pt

Front 94

this is responsible for the removal of wastes products of metabolism that collects in the blood

Back 94

kidneys

Front 95

What circulates through the kidneys 20-25% each minute

Back 95

Cardiac out put

Front 96

what is the functional unit of the kidney and forms urine

Back 96

nephron

Front 97

what is the nephron composed of

Back 97

glomerulus, bowmans capsule, prox/ conv tubule, loop of henle, distal tubule, and collecting duct.

Front 98

what is the initiation site of filtration of the blood and beginning of urine formation

Back 98

glomerulus

Front 99

what do glom. capillaries permit

Back 99

filtration w/ water, glucose, amino acids, urea, creatinine, and major electrolytes

Front 100

What is the case if protein is found in the urine

Back 100

sign of glomerular injury

Front 101

Glomerulus filters approx 125 ml of filtrate per minute, how much is reabsorbed into the plasma and how much is excreted in the urine

Back 101

99% plasma, 1% urine

Front 102

How much should adults average a day in output

Back 102

1200-1500 ml per day

Front 103

kidneys produce substances vital to

Back 103

bone mineralization, blood pressure, and RBC production

Front 104

what do the kidneys produce that maintains normal RBC volume

Back 104

erythropoietin

Front 105

patients with chronic conditions have a hard time producing this hormone and are prone to anemia

Back 105

erythropoietin

Front 106

what effects blood pressure regulation

Back 106

renal hormones

Front 107

how do kidneys affect calcium and phosphate regulation

Back 107

by producing a substance that converts vit D into its active form

Front 108

this is a hollow distendible organ

Back 108

bladder

Front 109

this is where urine exits

Back 109

urethra

Front 110

womens urethra is _____ long

mens urethra is ______ long

Back 110

1 1/2- 2 1/2 in

8 in

Front 111

the three sections of a mens urethra are

Back 111

prostatic, membraneous, and penile

Front 112

how is urine made

Back 112

filtration, reabsorption, secretion, excretion

Front 113

What toxic substance does metabolism produce and how do we eliminate it

Back 113

nitrogen, eliminate as a urea water soluble.

Front 114

What are some factors that influence urine elimination

Back 114

uti, renal dysfunction, fluid balance, surgical procedures, meds

Front 115

Reasons for decrease out put

Back 115

decreased input, sodium

Front 116

pre renal means

Back 116

decrease in blood flow to and through the kidney

Front 117

renal means

Back 117

disease condition

Front 118

post renal means

Back 118

obstruction of lower urinary tract

Front 119

uria- or ur-

Back 119

urine

Front 120

cyst-

Back 120

bladder

Front 121

dys-

Back 121

painful

Front 122

Assessing the urinary system

Back 122

distention, i/o, color, smell, frequency, skin breakdown, hesitation, volume......

Front 123

frequency

Back 123

more than every 2h

Front 124

hesitancy

Back 124

difficulty initiating

Front 125

dribbling

Back 125

leaking despite vol control

Front 126

reflex inc

Back 126

loss of control

Front 127

overflow inc

Back 127

over full and pressure lays on the outer sphincter

Front 128

uremic syndrome

Back 128

^ in nitrogenous wastes, needs treatment for survival as it gets worse

Front 129

nocturia

Back 129

waking 1+ time to void in the night

Front 130

polyuria

Back 130

excessive output

Front 131

oliguria

Back 131

decreased output despite normal intake

Front 132

anuria

Back 132

no urine is produced

Front 133

dysuria

Back 133

pain or burning during urination

Front 134

cystis

Back 134

freq and urgent sensation

Front 135

hematuria

Back 135

blood in urine

Front 136

residual urine

Back 136

100 ml left after urination

Front 137

urinary inc

Back 137

involuntary leakage

Front 138

hyperactive bladder

Back 138

sudden, involuntary

Front 139

some interventions for incontinence

Back 139

toileting schedule, bladder scan, catheter

Front 140

uti are most commonly caused by

Back 140

own colonic flora

Front 141

bacteriuria can lead to bacteremia or urosepesis where do these occur

Back 141

bacteriuria is in the urine, bacteremia is in the kidneys, urosepsis is in the blood

Front 142

cloudy urine indicates

Back 142

wbc

Front 143

pyelonephritis refers to a

Back 143

kidney infection

Front 144

what is specific gravity

Back 144

weight or degree of concentration compared to equal amount of volume of water

Front 145

describe the role of maintenance of urinary health

Back 145

keep urine acidic. Eat eggs, cheese, meat, whole grains. limit alkalizing foods

Front 146

What are the characteristics of normal urine

Back 146

1200-1500ml per day, straw, amber or transparent in color, faint odor, sterility, ph 4.6-8, specific gravity 1.0053 - 1.030, no presence of protein, glucose, ketones, or blood

Front 147

^ specific gravity =

Back 147

^ concentration

Front 148

Decrease specific gravity =

Back 148

decrease concentration (diluted)

Front 149

BUN =

Back 149

Blood Urea Nitrogen

Front 150

what is a normal BUN level

Back 150

10-20mg which indicates the kidneys ability to excrete urea and nitrogen

Front 151

What is the normal level of a Serum Creatinine and what does it indicate?

Back 151

0.5-1.1 indicates ability to excrete creatinine