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24 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Thiazide-type diuretics
decreased libido (desire for sex)
decreased sexual performance
The most frequent side effect of diuretics
Hypokalemia
Assess irregular pulse and muscle weakness
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
What effect can ACE cause in electrolytes balance? other SE?
Hyperkalemia (weakness and irregular pulse)
Orthostatic hypotension
Dizziness
Postural hypotension
Cough (if a cough develops, the drug is discontinued)
Angiotensin II receptor blockers
How does it work?
When to use?
Block the binding of angiotensin II to its receptor
For patients who report a nagging cough associated with ACE inhibitors
For those with hyperkalemia
Don't require initial adjustment of the dose for older adults or any patient with renal impairment
Angiotensin II causes what effect on blood vessels?
Vasoconstrictor
Calcium channel-blockers
How does it work on blood pressure?
Client teaching?
lower blood pressure by interfering with the transmembrane flux of calcium ions --> vasodilation
No grapefruit juice --> increases hypotensive effects
How does ACE inhibitors work?
block the convertion from angiotensin I to angiotensin II, one of the most powerful vasoconstrictors in the body. --> ACE inhibitors cause the vessels constrict less
Aldostetone receptor antagonists
What kind of electrolytes levels should be monitored carefully? SE? Client teaching?
potasssium (worry about hyperkalemia)
Hypertriglyceridemia, hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia can occur as the dose increases.
No grapefruit juice and St. John's Wort
Hydralazine
antihypertensive (act quickly)
Labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate)
antihypertensive (act quickly)
Nitroprusside (Nipride)
antihypertensive (act quickly)
Nicardipine (Cardene IV)
antihypertensive (act quickly)
Fenodopam (Corlopam)
antihypertensive (act quickly)
desirable total serum cholesterol levels
< 200 mg/dL
desirable LDL-C level
< 100 mg/dL
< 130 mg/dL per professor
desirable HDL-C level
> 40 mg/dL
desirable triglyceride level
< 150 mg/dL for men
< 135 mg/dL for women
Beta-adrenergic blockers
SE
sexual dysfunction, fatigue, weakness, depression
six Ps of ischemia in acute peripheral arterial occlusion
Pain
Pallor
Pulselessness
Paresthesia
Paralysis
Poikilothermia (coolness)
signs of thoracic aortic aneurysm
back pain
SOB
hoarseness
difficulty swallowing
mass maybe visible
signs of MI
chest pain
SOB
diaphoresis
anxiety
restlessness
sign of hemorrhage
decrease in BP
increase in pulse
rapid respiration
diaphoresis
example of calcium channel blockers
varapamil hydrochloride (Calan)
amlodipine (Norvasc)
diltiazem (Cardizem)
example of angiotensin II receptor antagonists
candesartan (Atacand)
losartan (Cozaar)
telmisartan (Micardis)
valsartan (Diovan)