Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 6 rights of medication administration?
|
Right person
Righe drug Right dose Right time Right route Right documentation |
|
After receiving an order from medical control, you should ________ the order back to the Dr.
|
echo or repeat
|
|
Define body substance isolation (BSI)
|
Measures to decerase risk of exposure to blood and body fluids.
|
|
Define asepsis
|
A condition free of pathogens
|
|
Define local
|
Limited to one area of the body
|
|
Define systemic
|
Throughtout the body
|
|
Define sterile
|
Free from all forms of life
|
|
Define medically clean
|
Careful handling to prevent contamination.
|
|
Define disinfectant
|
Cleansing agent that is toxic to living tissue
|
|
Define antisceptic
|
Cleansing agent that is not toxic to living tissue.
|
|
Define sharps container
|
Rigid, puncture resistant container clearly marked as a biohazard
|
|
Define topical medication
|
Material applied to and absorbed throught the skin or mucous membranes
|
|
Define transdermal
|
Absorbed through the skin
|
|
Define sublingual
|
Beneath the tongue
|
|
Define buccal
|
Between the cheek and gums
|
|
Define occular medication
|
Drug administered through the mucous membranes of the eye
|
|
Define nasal medication
|
Drug administered through the mucous membranes of the nose.
|
|
Define inhalation
|
Drawing of medication into the lungs along with air during breathing
|
|
Define injection
|
Placement of medication in or under the skin with a needle and syringe
|
|
Define nebulizer
|
Inhalation aid that disperses liquid into aerosol spray or mist
|
|
Define metered dose inhaler
|
Handheld device that produces a medicated spray for inhalation
|
|
Define enteral drug administration
|
The delivery of any medication that is absorbed through the GI tract
|
|
Define oral drug administration
|
The delivery of any medication that is taked by mouth and swallowed into the lower GI tract
|
|
True or false: When using a teaspoon to measure a pediatric dose of a medication, it is okay to use any spoon lying around.
|
False. Never use household teaspoons to measure medications, as they vary significantly in volume
|
|
Define hepatic alteration
|
Change in a medications chemical composition that occurs in the liver
|
|
Define suppository
|
Medication packaged in a soft, pliable form, for insertion into the rectum
|
|
Define enema
|
A liquid bolus of medication that is injected into the rectum
|
|
Define bolus
|
Concentrated mass of medication
|
|
Define parenteral
|
Drug administered outside the GI tract
|
|
Define syringe
|
Plastic tube with which liquid medications can be drawn up, stored and injected
|
|
Define hypodermic needle
|
Hollow metal tube used with the syringe to administer medications
|
|
Define gauge
|
The size of a needle's diameter
|
|
Define ampule
|
Breakable glass vessel containing liquid medication
|
|
Define vial
|
Plastic or glass container with a self-healing rubber top
|
|
Define nonconstituted drug vial/Mix-o-vial
|
Vial with two containers, one holding a powdered medication and the other holding a liquid mixing solution
|
|
Define prefilled/preloaded syringe
|
Syringe packaged in a tamper-proof container with the medication already in the barrel
|
|
Define medicated solution
|
Parenteral medication packaged in an IV bag and administered as an IV infusion
|
|
Define infusion
|
Liquid medication delivered through a vein
|
|
Define intradermal
|
Within the dermal layer of the skin
|
|
Define subcutaneous
|
The layer of loose connective tissue between the skin and muscle
|
|
Define intramuscular
|
Within the muscle
|
|
What are the 5 parenteral routes?
|
Inreadermal
Subcutaneous Intramuscular Intravenous Intraosseous |
|
Capillaries in the dermos afford a very ___________ rate of absorption, with very little or no systemic distribution.
|
slow
|
|
The subcutaneous tissue has few blood vessels and thus promotes ___________, sustained absorption, which ______________ a drug's effects on the body.
|
slow, prolongs
|
|
To perform a SQ injection what size needle should be used?
|
24-26
|
|
What angle should the needle be insterted to give a SQ injection?
|
45 degrees
|
|
What are the different IM injection sites?
|
Deltoid
Dorsal gluteal Vastus lateralis Rectus femoris |
|
What volume injection can be given into the deltoid muscle?
|
2 mL
|
|
What volume injection can be given into the dorsal gluteal?
|
5mL or more
|
|
What volume injection can be given into the vastus lateralis?
|
5ml or more
|
|
What volume injection can be given into the rectus femoris?
|
Up to 5mL
|
|
What gauge needle should be used to give an IM injection?
|
21-23
|
|
What size needle should be used to give an intradermal injection?
|
25-27
|
|
Define intravenous access (cannulation)
|
Surgical puncture of a vein to deliver medication or withdraw blood
|
|
What are the indications for IV access?
|
Fluid and blood replacement, drug administration, and obtaining venous blood specimens for labratory analysis
|
|
Why is venous access preferred over arterial access?
|
Venous circulation pressure is lower and presents fewer hemorrhage control complications.
|
|
Define peripheral venous access
|
Surgical puncture of a vein in the arm, leg, or neck.
|
|
True or false: You should try to cannulate leg veins after one attempt at a hand or arm vein.
|
False; all possibilities in the arms should be exhausted prior to using the legs for access.
|
|
When establishing a peripheral IV, start at the _______________ end of the extremity and work __________________.
|
distal, proximally
|
|
Define central venous access
|
Surgical puncture of the internal jugular, subclavian or femoral vein
|
|
Define peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
|
Line threaded into the central circulation via a peripheral tube
|
|
Define intravenous fluid
|
Chemicall prepared solution tailored to the body's specific needs
|
|
Define colloid solution
|
Intravenous solution containing large proteins that cannot pass through capillary mambranes
|
|
Define cyrstalloid solution
|
Intravenous solution that contains electrolytes but lack the larger proteins associated with colloids
|
|
What are the 3 types of crystalloid solution?
|
Isotonic
Hypertonic Hypotonic |
|
Lactated Ringer's is an example of what kind of solution?
|
Isotonic
|
|
Normal saline is an example of what kind of solution?
|
Isotonic
|
|
Define isotonic solution
|
State in which solutions on opposite sides of a semi-permeable membrane are in equal concentrations
|
|
Define hypertonic
|
State in which a solution has a higher solute concentration on one side of a semi-permeable menbrane than on the other.
|
|
Define hypotonic
|
State in which a solution has a lower solute concentration on one side of a semi-permeable membrane than the other side.
|
|
The most desirable fluid is replacement is ____________ ____________.
|
whole blood
|
|
Do not use any IV fluids after their _________________ ___________; any fluids that appear _______________, _________________, or laced with particulate; or any fluid whose sealed packaging has been opened or tampered with.
|
expiration date, cloudy, discolored
|
|
Define administration tubing
|
Flexible, clear plastic tubing that connects the solution bag to the IV cannula
|
|
Define cannula
|
Hollow needle used to puncture a vein
|
|
Define microdrip tubing
|
Administration tubing that delivers a relatively small amount of fluid
|
|
Define macrodrip tubing
|
Administration tubing that delivers a relatively large amount of fluid
|
|
Define spike (part of IV set)
|
Sharp-pointed device inserted into the IV solution bag's administration port
|
|
Define drip chamber
|
Clear plastic chamber that allows visualization of the drip rate
|
|
Define drip rate
|
Pace at which the fluid moves from the bag into the patient
|
|
Define drop former
|
Device that regulates the size of drops
|
|
What is the number of drops/mL for the average microdrip set?
|
60
|
|
What is the number of drops/mL for the average macrodrip set?
|
10
|
|
Define medication injection port
|
Self-healing membrane into which a hypodermic needle is inserted for drug administration
|
|
Define needle adapter
|
Rigid plastic device specifically constructed to fit into the hub of an intravenous cannula
|
|
Define extension tubing
|
Tubing used to extend a macrodrip or microdrip setup
|
|
What is the volume of fluid that can be held in a burette chamber?
|
Between 120 mL and 150 mL
|
|
Define blood tubing
|
Administration tubing that contains a filter to prevent clots or other debris from entering the patient
|
|
Define over-the-needle catheter/angiocatheter
|
Semi-flexible catheter enclosing a sharp metal stylet
|
|
Define hollow-needle catheter
|
Stylet that does not have a Teflon tube but is istelf inserted into the vein and secured there
|
|
Define catheter inserted through the needle (intracatheter)
|
Teflon catheter inserted through a large metal stylet
|
|
_____________ gauge needles should be used for fragile veins such as those of elderly or children.
|
Small
|
|
_____________ gauge needles are used to increase volume or to administer viscous medications.
|
Large
|
|
A venous constricting band should be left in place no longer than ____ minutes.
|
2
|
|
What angle should you insert the needle for IV cannulation?
|
10-30 degrees
|
|
External jugular cannulation should be used for what kind of patients?
|
Patients with a decreased or total loss of consciousness and only after other means of peripheral access has been exhausted
|
|
How would you occlude venous return for cannulating the external jugular?
|
Place a finger on the external jugular just above the clavicle.
|