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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tuberculin Syringe
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Syringe: 1mL
Gauges: 26-28 Length: 0.5-0.625 Administer tuberculin or sensitivity (allergy) tests. |
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Insulin Syringe
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Syringe: 0.5-1mL
Gauges: 26-30 Length: 0.5-3 inches Calibrated: insulin 100U/1mL Administration of insulin ONLY. |
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Standard Syringe
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Syringed: 3, 5, 10 mL
Gauges: 18, 21, 22, 23, 25 Length: 0.5-3 inches IM: 3mL Syringe, 1-2 inches, 21/22/23 gauges. Larger-gauged needles are used to administer viscous medications of to mix IV medications. |
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Filter Needle
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Used to trap any rubber or glass fragments that may be drawn up with the medication in a vial or ampule.
NOT used to inject patient; removed and replaced with proper needle. |
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"Y" Connectors
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Injection port on IV tubing.
Created to avoid needlestick injuries and to increase safety for healthcare workers. |
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VIALS
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Vials are plastic or glass containers that hold one or more doses of medication.
Diluent: sterile liquid specified by the drug manufacturer- usually sterile water or saline. |
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AMPULES
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Ampules are thin-walled glass containers that hold a single dose of liquid medication.
Neck snapped off. |
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Reconstituting Medications
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Medications are reconstituted by adding the proper amount and type of diluent to a powdered medication.
In many agencies, done by pharmacy. |
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ID
Intradermal Administration |
Intradermal injections are given into the dermis, the layer of tissue located beneath the skin surface.
SITES inner forearm upper arm across scapula |
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TUBERCULOSIS
SENSITIVITY TEST REACTIONS |
+5mm = POSTIVE is...
high risk people with HIV or have previously been in close contact with active TB individuals. +10mm = POSITIVE if... Moderate risk people such as injection drug users, immunocompromised, or healthcare workers in high-risk settings. +15mm=POSITIVE Low risk groups of people. |
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SC
SUBCUTANEOUS |
Subcutaneous injections are given in the layer of fat located below the dermis and above the muscle.
SITES upper arm upper back abdomen upper buttocks thigh NO ASPIRATION 0.5-1mL, 1/2-5/8 inch, 26-30 gauge |
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STANDARD ADMINISTRATION:
SITE SPEED |
Fastest: Abdomen
Slowest: thigh and upper buttocks Avoid: underneath burns, birthmarks, inflamed tissue, scars. |
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SUBCUTANEOUS:
INSULIN |
SC SITE:
upper arm Anterior/Posterior thigh buttocks abdomen *Lipodystrophy: dimpling of tissue after repetitive site use. Space 1inch apart and 2inches away from umbilicus. |
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INSULIN PREPARATIONS
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PREPARATIONS:
RAPID (lispro, Aspat Gluisin) Onset<15min, Pk 1-2hrs, Dur 3-4hrs. SHORT (Regular) Onset 0.5-1hr, Pk 2-3hr, Dur 3-6hr. INTERMEDIATE (NPH) Onset 2-4hrs, Pk 4-10hrs, Sur 10-16hrs. LONG (Glargine) Onset 2-4hrs, Peakless, Dur 20-24hrs. |
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Modifications for Heparin Administration
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-The abdomen is the most frequently used site because of the lack of major muscle groups or muscle activity in the abdomen is thought to reduce the chance of hematoma formation (localized accumulation of blood in a body tissue, organ, or space as a result of broken blood vessel).
-Gently bunch the tissue between thumb and forefinger to ensure that heparin is administered into SC. Not a tight pinch. -Because heparin in an anticoagulant, do not aspirate for blood return or massage the site after injection. |
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IM
Intramuscular Administration |
Intramuscular injections are given into the muscle layer beneath the dermis and SC tissue.
*ASPIRATION* 3mL syringe, 1-3inches, 19-25 gauge. (ADULT AVERAGE: 23gauge, 1.25in) SITES upper arm - Deltoid - used infrequently because muscle is close to radial nerve and brachial artery. hip - Ventrogluteal - free of major blood vessels,nerves, and fat - safest and least painful site. buttocks - Dorsogluteal - proximity to sciatic nerve and superior to gluteal artery - routine of site is not recommended. *Do not use for infnts/tddlrs. thigh - Vastus lateralis or Rectus Femoris - rappid absorption sites because they do not contain large blood vessels or nerves (thus safe!). |
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IV
Intravenous Administration |
Intravenous medications are given by way of catherters inserted into veins. (RAPID)
IVPush - one minute or otherwise specified in documentation (IV over 2 mins) Intermittent - 20 to 60 minutes - 50-250 bags of IV fluid (.9normal saline of 5% dextrose in water) or 20-60 mL syringes for infusion pump. Continuous - Bags of 250-1000mL of IV fluid. Required electronic infusion device (EID). Patient Controlled Analgesia Epidural Analgesia |
