Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
480 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
a-
|
without, not
|
|
|
ab-
|
from, away from
|
|
|
abdomin/o
|
abdomen
|
|
|
acr/o
|
extremity
|
|
|
-acusis
|
hearing
|
|
|
-ad
|
toward
|
|
|
ad-
|
toward
|
|
|
aden/o
|
gland
|
|
|
adip/o
|
fat
|
|
|
adren/o
|
adrenal glands
|
|
|
adrenal/o
|
adrenal glands
|
|
|
aer/o
|
air
|
|
|
-al
|
pertaining to
|
|
|
albin/o
|
white
|
|
|
albumin/o
|
albumin (protein)
|
|
|
-algesia
|
pain
|
|
|
-algia
|
pain
|
|
|
an-
|
without, not
|
|
|
andr/o
|
male
|
|
|
aneurysm/o
|
widened blood vessel
|
|
|
angi/o
|
vessel (usually blood or lymph)
|
|
|
ante-
|
before, in front of
|
|
|
anter/o
|
anterior, front
|
|
|
anti-
|
against
|
|
|
aort/o
|
aorta
|
|
|
append/o
|
appendix
|
|
|
appendic/o
|
appendix
|
|
|
aque/o
|
water
|
|
|
-ar
|
pertaining to
|
|
|
arteri/o
|
artery
|
|
|
arteriol/o
|
arteriole
|
|
|
arthr/o
|
joint
|
|
|
-asthenia
|
weakness, debility
|
|
|
ather/o
|
fatty plaque
|
|
|
atri/o
|
atrium
|
|
|
audi/o
|
hearing
|
|
|
audit/o
|
hearing
|
|
|
auto-
|
self, own
|
|
|
bacteri/o
|
bacteria (singular, bacterium)
|
|
|
bi-
|
two
|
|
|
bi/o
|
life
|
|
|
-blast
|
embryonic cell
|
|
|
blast/o
|
embryonic cell
|
|
|
brachi/o
|
arm
|
|
|
brady-
|
slow
|
|
|
bronch/o
|
bronchus (plural, bronchi)
|
|
|
bronchi/o
|
bronchus (plural, bronchi)
|
|
|
bronchiol/o
|
bronchiole
|
|
|
bucc/o
|
cheek
|
|
|
calc/o
|
calcium
|
|
|
calcane/o
|
calcaneum (heel bone)
|
|
|
-capnia
|
carbon dioxide (CO2)
|
|
|
carcin/o
|
cancer
|
|
|
cardi/o
|
heart
|
|
|
-cardia
|
heart condition
|
|
|
carp/o
|
carpus (wrist bones)
|
|
|
caud/o
|
tail
|
|
|
cec/o
|
cecum
|
|
|
-cele
|
hernia, swelling
|
|
|
-centesis
|
surgical puncture
|
|
|
cephal/o
|
head
|
|
|
cerebell/o
|
cerebellumMeaning Element Meaning
|
|
|
cerebr/o
|
cerebrum
|
|
|
cervic/o
|
neck; cervix uteri (neck of uterus)
|
|
|
chlor/o
|
green
|
|
|
chol/e
|
bile, gall
|
|
|
cholangi/o
|
bile vessel
|
|
|
cholecyst/o
|
gallbladder
|
|
|
chondr/o
|
cartilage
|
|
|
chrom/o
|
color
|
|
|
chromat/o
|
color
|
|
|
-cide
|
killing
|
|
|
circum-
|
around
|
|
|
cirrh/o
|
yellow
|
|
|
-clasia
|
to break; surgical fracture
|
|
|
-clasis
|
to break; surgical fracture
|
|
|
-clast
|
to break
|
|
|
clavicul/o
|
clavicle (collar bone)
|
|
|
coccyg/o
|
coccyx (tailbone)
|
|
|
col/o
|
colon
|
|
|
colon/o
|
colon
|
|
|
colp/o
|
vagina
|
|
|
condyl/o
|
condyle
|
|
|
contra-
|
against, opposite
|
|
|
corp/o
|
body
|
|
|
cortic/o
|
cortex
|
|
|
cost/o
|
ribs
|
|
|
crani/o
|
cranium (skull)
|
|
|
crin/o
|
secrete
|
|
|
-crine
|
secrete
|
|
|
cry/o
|
cold
|
|
|
-cusia
|
hearing
|
|
|
-cusis
|
hearing
|
|
|
cutane/o
|
skin
|
|
|
cyan/o
|
blue
|
|
|
cyst/o
|
bladder
|
|
|
cyt/o
|
cell
|
|
|
-cyte
|
cell
|
|
|
dendr/o
|
tree
|
|
|
dent/o
|
teeth
|
|
|
derm/o
|
skin
|
|
|
-derma
|
skin
|
|
|
dermat/o
|
skin
|
|
|
di-
|
double
|
|
|
dia-
|
through, across
|
|
|
dipl-
|
double
|
|
|
dipl/o
|
double
|
|
|
dips/o
|
thirst
|
|
|
-dipsia
|
thirst
|
|
|
dist/o
|
far, farthest
|
|
|
dors/o
|
back (of body)
|
|
|
duoden/o
|
duodenum (first part of small intestine)
|
|
|
-dynia
|
pain
|
|
|
dys-
|
bad; painful; difficult
|
|
|
ec-
|
out, out from
|
|
|
ecto-
|
outside, outward
|
|
|
-ectomy
|
excision, removal
|
|
|
-edema
|
swelling
|
|
|
electr/o
|
electricity
|
|
|
embol/o
|
embolus (plug)
|
|
|
-emesis
|
vomiting
|
|
|
-emia
|
blood condition
|
|
|
en-
|
in, within
|
|
|
encephal/o
|
brain
|
|
|
endo-
|
in, within
|
|
|
enter/o
|
intestine (usually small intestine)
|
|
|
epi-
|
above, upon
|
|
|
epididym/o
|
epididymis
|
|
|
epiglott/o
|
epiglottis
|
|
|
episi/o
|
vulva
|
|
|
erythem/o
|
red
|
|
|
erythemat/o
|
red
|
|
|
erythr/o
|
red
|
|
|
-esis
|
condition
|
|
|
esophag/o
|
esophagus
|
|
|
esthes/o
|
feeling
|
|
|
-esthesia
|
feeling
|
|
|
eu-
|
good, normal
|
|
|
ex-
|
out, out from
|
|
|
exo-
|
outside, outward
|
|
|
extra-
|
outside
|
|
|
fasci/o
|
band, fascia (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles)
|
|
|
femor/o
|
femur (thigh bone)
|
|
|
fibr/o
|
fiber, fibrous tissue
|
|
|
fibul/o
|
fibula (smaller bone of lower leg)
|
|
|
gangli/o
|
ganglion (knot or knotlike mass)
|
|
|
gastr/o
|
stomach
|
|
|
-gen
|
forming, producing, origin
|
|
|
gen/o
|
forming, producing, origin
|
|
|
-genesis
|
forming, producing, origin
|
|
|
gingiv/o
|
gum(s)
|
|
|
gli/o
|
glue; neuroglial tissue
|
|
|
-glia
|
glue; neuroglial tissue
|
|
|
-globin
|
protein
|
|
|
glomerul/o
|
glomerulus
|
|
|
gloss/o
|
tongue
|
|
|
gluc/o
|
sugar, sweetness
|
|
|
glucos/o
|
sugar, sweetness
|
|
|
glyc/o
|
sugar, sweetness
|
|
|
glycos/o
|
sugar, sweetness
|
|
|
gonad/o
|
gonads, sex glands
|
|
|
-graft
|
transplantation
|
|
|
-gram
|
record, writing
|
|
|
-graph
|
instrument for recording
|
|
|
-graphy
|
process of recording
|
|
|
-gravida
|
pregnant woman
|
|
|
gynec/o
|
woman, female
|
|
|
hem/o
|
blood
|
|
|
hemangi/o
|
blood vessel
|
|
|
hemat/o
|
blood
|
|
|
hemi-
|
one half
|
|
|
hepat/o
|
liver
|
|
|
hetero-
|
different
|
|
|
home/o
|
same, alike
|
|
|
homeo-
|
same, alike
|
|
|
homo-
|
same
|
|
|
humer/o
|
humerus (upper arm bone)
|
|
|
hydr/o
|
water
|
|
|
hyper-
|
excessive, above normal
|
|
|
hyp/o
|
under, below, deficient
|
|
|
hypo-
|
under, below, deficient
|
|
|
hyster/o
|
uterus (womb)
|
|
|
-ia
|
condition
|
|
|
-ic
|
pertaining to
|
|
|
-icle
|
small, minute
|
|
|
ile/o
|
ileum (third part of small intestine)
|
|
|
ili/o
|
ilium (lateral, flaring portion of hip bone)
|
|
|
immun/o
|
immune, immunity, safe
|
|
|
infer/o
|
lower, below
|
|
|
infra-
|
below, under
|
|
|
inguin/o
|
groin
|
|
|
inter-
|
between
|
|
|
intra-
|
in, within
|
|
|
ischi/o
|
ischium (lower portion of hip bone)
|
|
|
-ism
|
condition
|
|
|
iso-
|
same, equal
|
|
|
-ist
|
specialist
|
|
|
jaund/o
|
yellow
|
|
|
jejun/o
|
jejunum (second part of small intestine)
|
|
|
kal/I
|
potassium (an electrolyte)
|
|
|
kerat/o
|
horny tissue; hard; cornea
|
|
|
kinesi/o
|
movement
|
|
|
-kinesia
|
movement
|
|
|
kinet/o
|
movement
|
|
|
labi/o
|
lip
|
|
|
labyrinth/o
|
labyrinth (inner ear)
|
|
|
lacrim/o
|
tear; lacrimal apparatus (duct, sac, or gland)
|
|
|
lact/o
|
milk
|
|
|
lamin/o
|
lamina (part of vertebral arch)
|
|
|
lapar/o
|
abdomen
|
|
|
laryng/o
|
larynx (voice box)
|
|
|
later/o
|
side, to one side
|
|
|
-lepsy
|
seizure
|
|
|
leuk/o
|
white
|
|
|
lex/o lex/o
|
word, phrase
|
|
|
lingu/o
|
tongue
|
|
|
lip/o
|
fat
|
|
|
lipid/o
|
fat
|
|
|
-lith
|
stone, calculus
|
|
|
lith/o
|
stone, calculus
|
|
|
log/o
|
study of
|
|
|
-logist
|
specialist in the study of
|
|
|
-logy
|
study of
|
|
|
lumb/o
|
loins (lower back)
|
|
|
lymph/o
|
lymph
|
|
|
lymphaden/o
|
lymph gland (node)
|
|
|
lymphangi/o
|
lymph vessel
|
|
|
-lysis
|
separation; destruction; loosening
|
|
|
macro-
|
large
|
|
|
mal-
|
bad
|
|
|
-malacia
|
softening
|
|
|
mamm/o
|
breast
|
|
|
mast/o
|
breast
|
|
|
maxill/o
|
maxilla (upper jaw bone)
|
|
|
meat/o
|
opening, meatus
|
|
|
medi-
|
middle
|
|
|
medi/o
|
middle
|
|
|
medull/o
|
medulla
|
|
|
mega-
|
enlargement
|
|
|
megal/o
|
enlargement
|
|
|
-megaly
|
enlargement
|
|
|
melan/o
|
black
|
|
|
men/o
|
menses, menstruation
|
|
|
mening/o
|
meninges (membranes covering brain and spinal cord)
|
|
|
meningi/o
|
meninges (membranes coveringbrain and spinal cord)
|
|
|
meta-
|
change, beyond
|
|
|
metacarp/o
|
metacarpus (hand bones)
|
|
|
metatars/o
|
metatarsus (foot bones)
|
|
|
-meter
|
instrument for measuring
|
|
|
metri/o
|
uterus (womb)
|
|
|
-metry
|
act of measuring
|
|
|
micr/o
|
small
|
|
|
micro-
|
small
|
|
|
mono-
|
one
|
|
|
morph/o
|
form, shape, structure
|
|
|
multi-
|
many, much
|
|
|
muscul/o
|
muscle
|
|
|
my/o
|
muscle
|
|
|
myc/o
|
fungus (plural, fungi)
|
|
|
myel/o
|
bone marrow; spinal cord
|
|
|
myos/o
|
muscle
|
|
|
narc/o
|
stupor; numbness; sleep
|
|
|
nas/o
|
nose
|
|
|
nat/o
|
birth
|
|
|
natr/o
|
sodium (an electrolyte)
|
|
|
necr/o
|
death, necrosis
|
|
|
neo-
|
new
|
|
|
nephr/o
|
kidney
|
|
|
neur/o
|
nerve
|
|
|
neutr/o
|
neutral; neither
|
|
|
noct/o
|
night
|
|
|
nucle/o
|
nucleus
|
|
|
ocul/o
|
eye
|
|
|
odont/o
|
teeth
|
|
|
-oid
|
resembling
|
|
|
-ole
|
small, minute
|
|
|
olig/o
|
scanty
|
|
|
-oma
|
tumor
|
|
|
onc/o
|
tumor
|
|
|
onych/o
|
nail
|
|
|
oophor/o
|
ovary
|
|
|
ophthalm/o
|
eye
|
|
|
-opia
|
vision
|
|
|
-opsia
|
vision
|
|
|
-opsy
|
view of
|
|
|
opt/o
|
eye, vision
|
|
|
optic/o
|
eye, vision
|
|
|
or/o
|
mouth
|
|
|
orch/o
|
testis (plural, testes)
|
|
|
orchi/o
|
testis (plural, testes)
|
|
|
orchid/o
|
testis (plural, testes)
|
|
|
-orexia
|
appetite
|
|
|
orth/o
|
straight
|
|
|
-osis
|
abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)
|
|
|
-osmia
|
smell
|
|
|
oste/o
|
bone
|
|
|
ot/o
|
ear
|
|
|
-ous
|
pertaining to
|
|
|
ovari/o
|
ovary
|
|
|
ox/I
|
oxygen
|
|
|
ox/o
|
oxygen
|
|
|
-oxia
|
oxygen
|
|
|
oxy-
|
quick, sharp
|
|
|
pan-
|
all
|
|
|
pancreat/o
|
pancreas
|
|
|
para-
|
near, beside; beyond
|
|
|
parathyroid/o
|
parathyroid glands
|
|
|
-paresis
|
partial paralysis
|
|
|
patell/o
|
patella (kneecap)
|
|
|
path/o
|
disease Meaning Element Meaning
|
|
|
-pathy
|
disease
|
|
|
pector/o
|
chest
|
|
|
ped/I
|
foot; child
|
|
|
ped/o
|
foot; child
|
|
|
pelv/I
|
pelvis
|
|
|
pelv/o
|
pelvis
|
|
|
-penia
|
decrease, deficiency
|
|
|
-pepsia
|
digestion
|
|
|
per-
|
through
|
|
|
peri-
|
around
|
|
|
perine/o
|
perineum (area between scrotum [or vulva in the female] and anus)
|
|
|
peritone/o
|
peritoneum
|
|
|
-pexy
|
fixation (of an organ)
|
|
|
phag/o
|
swallowing, eating
|
|
|
-phage
|
swallowing, eating
|
|
|
-phagia
|
swallowing, eating
|
|
|
phalang/o
|
phalanges (bones of fingers andtoes)
|
|
|
pharyng/o
|
pharynx (throat)
|
|
|
-phasia
|
speech
|
|
|
-phil
|
attraction for
|
|
|
phil/o
|
attraction for
|
|
|
-philia
|
attraction for
|
|
|
phleb/o
|
vein
|
|
|
-phobia
|
fear
|
|
|
-phonia
|
voice
|
|
|
phot/o
|
light
|
|
|
phren/o
|
diaphragm; mind
|
|
|
-phylaxis
|
protection
|
|
|
-physis
|
growth
|
|
|
pil/o
|
hair
|
|
|
pituitar/o
|
pituitary gland
|
|
|
plas/o
|
formation, growth
|
|
|
-plasia
|
formation, growth
|
|
|
-plasm
|
formation, growth
|
|
|
-plasty
|
surgical repair
|
|
|
-plegia
|
paralysis
|
|
|
pleur/o
|
pleura
|
|
|
-pnea
|
breathing
|
|
|
Pneum/o
|
air; lung
|
|
|
pneumon/o
|
air; lung
|
|
|
pod/o
|
foot
|
|
|
-poiesis
|
formation, production
|
|
|
poli/o
|
gray; gray matter (of brain or spinal cord)
|
|
|
poly-
|
many, much
|
|
|
-porosis
|
porous
|
|
|
post-
|
after, behind
|
|
|
poster/o
|
back (of body), behind, posterior
|
|
|
-prandial
|
meal
|
|
|
pre-
|
before, in front of
|
|
|
presby/o
|
old age
|
|
|
primi-
|
first
|
|
|
pro-
|
before, in front of
|
|
|
prostat/o
|
prostate gland
|
|
|
proxim/o
|
near, nearest
|
|
|
pseudo-
|
false
|
|
|
psych/o
|
mind
|
|
|
-ptosis
|
prolapse, downward displacement
|
|
|
ptyal/o
|
saliva
|
|
|
-ptysis
|
spitting
|
|
|
pub/o
|
pelvis bone (anterior part of pelvic bone)
|
|
|
pulmon/o
|
lung
|
|
|
py/o
|
pus
|
|
|
pyel/o
|
renal pelvis
|
|
|
quadri-
|
four
|
|
|
radi/o
|
radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side)
|
|
|
radicul/o
|
nerve root
|
|
|
rect/o
|
rectum
|
|
|
ren/o
|
kidney
|
|
|
retro-
|
backward, behind
|
|
|
rhin/o
|
nose
|
|
|
-rrhage
|
bursting forth (of )
|
|
|
-rrhagia
|
bursting forth (of )
|
|
|
-rrhaphy
|
suture
|
|
|
-rrhea
|
discharge, flow
|
|
|
rube/o
|
red
|
|
|
sacr/o
|
sacrum
|
|
|
salping/o
|
tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tube)
|
|
|
-salpinx
|
tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tube)
|
|
|
sarc/o
|
flesh (connective tissue)
|
|
|
-sarcoma
|
malignant tumor of connective tissue
|
|
|
scapul/o
|
scapula (shoulder blade)
|
|
|
scler/o
|
hardening; sclera (white of eye)
|
|
|
-scope
|
instrument for examining
|
|
|
-scopy
|
visual examination
|
|
|
semi-
|
one half
|
|
|
sept/o
|
septum
|
|
|
ser/o
|
serum
|
|
|
sigmoid/o
|
sigmoid colon
|
|
|
sinus/o
|
sinus, cavity
|
|
|
somat/o
|
body
|
|
|
son/o
|
sound
|
|
|
-spasm
|
involuntary contraction, twitching
|
|
|
sperm/I
|
spermatozoa, sperm cells
|
|
|
sperm/o
|
spermatozoa, sperm cells
|
|
|
spermat/o
|
spermatozoa, sperm cells
|
|
|
sphygm/o
|
pulse
|
|
|
-sphyxia
|
pulse
|
|
|
spin/o
|
spine
|
|
|
spir/o
|
breathe
|
|
|
splen/o
|
spleen
|
|
|
squam/o
|
scale
|
|
|
-stasis
|
standing still
|
|
|
sten/o
|
narrowing, stricture
|
|
|
-stenosis
|
narrowing, stricture
|
|
|
stern/o
|
sternum (breastbone)
|
|
|
steth/o
|
chest
|
|
|
sthen/o
|
strength
|
|
|
stomat/o
|
mouth
|
|
|
-stomy
|
forming an opening (mouth)
|
|
|
sub-
|
under, below
|
|
|
super-
|
upper, above
|
|
|
super/o
|
upper, above
|
|
|
supra-
|
above; excessive; superior
|
|
|
sym-
|
union, together, joined
|
|
|
syn-
|
union, together, joined
|
|
|
tachy-
|
rapid
|
|
|
-taxia
|
order, coordination
|
|
|
ten/o
|
tendon
|
|
|
tend/o
|
tendon
|
|
|
tendin/o
|
tendon
|
|
|
-tension
|
to stretch
|
|
|
test/o
|
testis (plural, testes)
|
|
|
thalam/o
|
thalamus
|
|
|
therapeut/o
|
treatment
|
|
|
-therapy
|
treatment
|
|
|
therm/o
|
heat
|
|
|
thorac/o
|
chest
|
|
|
-thorax
|
chest
|
|
|
thromb/o
|
blood clot
|
|
|
thym/o
|
thymus gland
|
|
|
thyr/o
|
thyroid gland
|
|
|
thyroid/o
|
thyroid gland
|
|
|
tibi/o
|
tibia (larger bone of lower leg)Element Meaning Element Meaning
|
|
|
-tocia
|
childbirth, labor
|
|
|
tom/o
|
to cut
|
|
|
-tome
|
instrument to cut
|
|
|
-tomy
|
incision
|
|
|
ton/o
|
tension
|
|
|
tonsill/o
|
tonsils
|
|
|
tox/o
|
poison
|
|
|
-toxic
|
poison
|
|
|
toxic/o
|
poison
|
|
|
trache/o
|
trachea (windpipe)
|
|
|
trans-
|
across, through
|
|
|
tri-
|
three
|
|
|
trich/o
|
hair
|
|
|
-trophy
|
development, nourishment
|
|
|
-ule
|
small, minute
|
|
|
uln/o
|
ulna (lower arm bone on opposite side of thumb)
|
|
|
ultra-
|
excess, beyond
|
|
|
umbilic/o
|
umbilicus, navel
|
|
|
uni-
|
one
|
|
|
ur/o
|
urine, urinary tract
|
|
|
ureter/o
|
ureter
|
|
|
urethr/o
|
urethra
|
|
|
-uria
|
urine
|
|
|
urin/o
|
urine, urinary tract
|
|
|
uter/o
|
uterus (womb)
|
|
|
uvul/o
|
uvula
|
|
|
vagin/o
|
vagina
|
|
|
varic/o
|
dilated vein
|
|
|
vas/o
|
vessel; vas deferens; duct
|
|
|
vascul/o
|
vessel (usually blood or lymph)
|
|
|
ven/o
|
vein
|
|
|
ventr/o
|
belly, belly side
|
|
|
ventricul/o
|
ventricle (of heart or brain)
|
|
|
vertebr/o
|
vertebrae (backbone)
|
|
|
viscer/o
|
internal organs
|
|
|
vol/o
|
volume
|
|
|
xer/o
|
dry
|
