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52 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
csf
a liquid that is comparable to serum but contains less dissolved material, that is secreted from the blood into the lateral ventricles of the brain by the choroid plexus, circulates through the ventricles to the spaces between the meninges about the brain and spinal cord, and is resorbed into the blood through the subarachnoid sinuses, and that serves chiefly to maintain uniform pressure within the brain and spinal cord -- called also spinal fluid
Aphasia
loss or impairment of the power to use or comprehend words usually resulting from brain damage
cephalgia
_____ is a headache.
dysphasia
loss of or deficiency in the power to use or understand language as a result of injury to or disease of the brain
hyperesthesia
: unusual or pathological sensitivity of the skin or of a particular sense to stimulation
neuralgia
acute paroxysmal pain radiating along the course of one or more nerves usually without demonstrable changes in the nerve structure
parasthesia
a sensation of pricking, tingling, or creeping on the skin having no objective cause and usually associated with injury or irritation of a sensory nerve or nerve root
agnosia
loss or diminution of the ability to recognize familiar objects or stimuli usually as a result of brain damage
cerebral aneurysm
an abnormal blood-filled dilatation of a blood vessel and especially an artery resulting from disease of the vessel wall in the brain
cerebral arteriosclerosis
a chronic disease characterized by abnormal thickening and hardening of the arterial walls with resulting loss of elasticity in the brain
cerebral athrosclerosis
an ____________characterized by atheromatous deposits in and fibrosis of the inner layer of the arteries in the brain
cerebral embolism
sudden obstruction in the brain by an abnormal particle (as an air bubble) circulating in the blood --
cerebral palsy
a disability resulting from damage to the brain before, during, or shortly after birth and outwardly manifested by muscular incoordination and speech disturbances
cerebral thrombosis
the formation or presence of a blood clot within a blood vessel in the brain
cerebrovascular accident
stroke
coma
a state of profound unconsciousness caused by disease, injury, or poison
dementia
a usually progressive condition (as Alzheimer's disease) marked by the development of multiple cognitive deficits (as memory impairment, aphasia, and inability to plan and initiate complex behavior)
encephalitis
inflammation of the brain
encephalomalacia
softening of the brain due to degenerative changes in nervous tissue (as in crazy chick disease)
epilepsy
any of various disorders marked by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain and typically manifested by sudden brief episodes of altered or diminished consciousness, involuntary movements, or convulsions
heiplegia
total or partial paralysis of one side of the body that results from disease of or injury to the motor centers of the brain
hydrocephalus
an abnormal increase in the amount of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranial cavity that is accompanied by expansion of the cerebral ventricles, enlargement of the skull and especially the forehead, and atrophy of the brain
meningioma
a slow-growing encapsulated tumor arising from the meninges and often causing damage by pressing upon the brain and adjacent parts
meningitis
inflammation of the meninges and especially of the pia mater and the arachnoid
spina bifida
a neural tube defect marked by congenital cleft of the spinal column usually with hernial protrusion of the meninges and sometimes the spinal cord
meningocele
a protrusion of meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column (as in spina bifida) forming a cyst filled with cerebrospinal fluid
meningomyelocele
a protrusion of meninges and spinal cord through a defect in the spinal column
multiple sclerosis
a demyelinating disease marked by patches of hardened tissue in the brain or the spinal cord and associated especially with partial or complete paralysis and jerking muscle tremor
myelitis
inflammation of the spinal cord or of the bone marrow
narcolepsy
a condition characterized by brief attacks of deep sleep often occurring with cataplexy and hypnagogic hallucinations
paraplegia
paralysis of the lower half of the body with involvement of both legs usually due to disease of or injury to the spinal cord
parkinsons
a chronic progressive neurological disease chiefly of later life that is linked to decreased dopamine production in the substantia nigra and is marked especially by tremor of resting muscles, rigidity, slowness of movement, impaired balance, and a shuffling gait
poliomyelitis
: an acute infectious virus disease caused by the poliovirus, characterized by fever, motor paralysis, and atrophy of skeletal muscles often with permanent disability and deformity, and marked by inflammation of nerve cells in the ventral horns of the spinal cord
polyneuritis
neuritis of several peripheral nerves at the same time (as that caused by vitamin B deficiency, a toxic substance, or an infectious disease
psychosis
a serious mental disorder (as schizophrenia) characterized by defective or lost contact with reality often with hallucinations or delusions
quadraplegia
paralysis of all four limbs
sciatica
pain along the course of a sciatic nerve especially in the back of the thigh caused by compression, inflammation, or reflex mechanisms; broadly : pain in the lower back, buttocks, hips, or adjacent parts
shingles
an acute viral inflammation of the sensory ganglia of spinal and cranial nerves associated with a vesicular eruption and neuralgic pain and caused by reactivation of the herpesvirus causing chicken pox -- called also herpes zoster, zona, zoster
syncope
fainting
transient ischemic attack
a brief episode of cerebral ischemia that is usually characterized by temporary blurring of vision, slurring of speech, numbness, paralysis, or syncope and that is often predictive of a serious stroke -- abbreviation TIA; called also mini-stroke
analgesia
insensibility to pain without loss of consciousness
craniotomy
surgical opening of the skull
electroencephalogram
the tracing of brain waves made by an electroencephalograph
anesthesia
loss of sensation especially to touch usually resulting from a lesion in the nervous system or from some other abnormality
2 : loss of sensation and usually of consciousness without loss of vital functions artificially produced by the administration of one or more agents that block the passage of pain impulses along nerve pathways to the brain
lumbar puncture
puncture of the subarachnoid space in the lumbar region of the spinal cord to withdraw cerebrospinal fluid or inject anesthetic drugs -- called also spinal tap
myelogram
a differential study of the cellular elements present in bone marrow usually made on material obtained by sternal biopsy
2 : a radiograph of the spinal cord made by myelography
neurology
a branch of medicine concerned especially with the structure, functions, and diseases of the nervous system
nueroplasty
surgical repair of nerves
psychiatry
treatment of mental disorders
psychology
study of mental disorders
delirium
a mental disturbance characterized by confusion, disordered speech, and hallucinations
migrain headache
a condition that is marked by recurrent usually unilateral severe headache often accompanied by nausea and vomiting and followed by sleep, that tends to occur in more than one member of a family, and that is of uncertain origin though attacks appear to be precipitated by dilatation of intracranial blood vessels