Medical Terminology Systems Glysys Ch 4 Body Structure

Front 1

cyt/o

Back 1

cell

Front 2

hist/o

Back 2

tissue

Front 3

kary/o, nucle/o

Back 3

nucleus

Front 4

anter/o

Back 4

anterior, front

Front 5

crani/o

Back 5

cranium

Front 6

caud/o

Back 6

tail

Front 7

dost/o

Back 7

far, farthest

Front 8

dors/o

Back 8

back (of body)

Front 9

infer/o

Back 9

lower, below

Front 10

later/o

Back 10

side, to one side

Front 11

medi/o

Back 11

middle

Front 12

poster/o

Back 12

back, behind, posterior

Front 13

proxim/o

Back 13

near, nearest

Front 14

ventr/o

Back 14

belly, belly side

Front 15

abdomin/o

Back 15

abdomen

Front 16

cervic/o

Back 16

neck; cervix uteri (neck of the uterus)

Front 17

ili/o

Back 17

ilium (lateral flaring portion of the hip bone)

Front 18

inguin/o

Back 18

groin

Front 19

lumb/o

Back 19

loins (lower back)

Front 20

pelv/i, pelv/o

Back 20

pelvis

Front 21

spin/o

Back 21

spine

Front 22

thorac/o

Back 22

chest

Front 23

umbilic/o

Back 23

umbilicus, navel

Front 24

albin/o, leuk

Back 24

white

Front 25

chlor/o

Back 25

green

Front 26

chrom/o

Back 26

color

Front 27

cirrh/o

Back 27

yellow

Front 28

jaund/o

Back 28

yellow

Front 29

xanth/o

Back 29

yellow

Front 30

cyan/o

Back 30

blue

Front 31

erythr/o

Back 31

red

Front 32

melan/o

Back 32

black

Front 33

poli/o

Back 33

gray; gray matter (of brain or spinal cord

Front 34

acr/o

Back 34

extremity

Front 35

eti/o

Back 35

cause

Front 36

idi/o

Back 36

unknown, peculiar

Front 37

morph/o

Back 37

form, shape, structure

Front 38

path/o

Back 38

disease

Front 39

radi/o

Back 39

radiation; x-ray

Front 40

somat/o

Back 40

body

Front 41

son/o

Back 41

sound

Front 42

viscer/o

Back 42

internal organs

Front 43

xer/o

Back 43

dry

Front 44

-gnosis

Back 44

knowing

Front 45

-gram

Back 45

record, writing

Front 46

-graph

Back 46

instrument for recording

Front 47

-graphy

Back 47

process of recording

Front 48

-logist

Back 48

specialist in the study of

Front 49

-logy

Back 49

study of

Front 50

-meter

Back 50

instrument for measuring

Front 51

ab-

Back 51

from, away from

Front 52

ad-

Back 52

towards

Front 53

hetero-

Back 53

different

Front 54

homeo-

Back 54

same

Front 55

infra-

Back 55

below

Front 56

peri-

Back 56

around

Front 57

super-

Back 57

upper, above

Front 58

trans-

Back 58

across, through

Front 59

ultra-

Back 59

excess, beyond

Front 60

adhesion

Back 60

abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated

Front 61

analyte

Back 61

substance analyzed or tested, generally by means of laboratory methods

Front 62

contrast medium

Back 62

substance injected into the body, introduced via catheter, or swallowed to facilitate radiographic images of internal structures that otherwise are difficult to visualize on x-ray films

Front 63

dehiscence

Back 63

bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal wound

Front 64

febrile

Back 64

feverish; pertaining to a fever

Front 65

homeostasis

Back 65

relative constancy or balance in the internal environment of the body, maintained by processes of feedback and adjustment in response to external or internal changes

Front 66

inflammation

Back 66

body defense against injury, infection, or allergy that is marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain and , sometimes loss of function

Front 67

morbid

Back 67

diseased; pertaining to disease

Front 68

nuclear medicine

Back 68

branch of medicine concerned with the use of radioactive substances for diagnosis, treatment, and research

Front 69

radiology

Back 69

medical specialty with the use of electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound, and imaging techniques for diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury

Front 70

interventional radiology

Back 70

radiology practice that employs fluoroscopy, CT, and ultrasound in nonsurgical treatment of various disorders

Front 71

therapeutic radiology

Back 71

use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of cancer; also called radiation oncology

Front 72

radionuclides

Back 72

substances that emit radiation spontaneously; also called tracers

Front 73

radiopharmaceutical

Back 73

radionuclide attached to a protein, sugar, or other substance used to visualize an organ or area of the body that will be scanned

Front 74

scan

Back 74

term used to describe a computerized image by modality (such as CT, MRI, and nuclear imaging) or by structure (such as thyroid and bone)

Front 75

sepsis

Back 75

pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the bloodstream

Front 76

suppurative

Back 76

producing or associated with the generation of pus

Front 77

endoscopy

Back 77

visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope

Front 78

laparoscopy

Back 78

visual examination of the organs of the pelvis and abdomen through very small incisions in the abdominal wall

Front 79

thoracoscopy

Back 79

exam. of the lungs, pleura, and pleural space with a scope inserted through a small incision between the ribs

Front 80

complete blood count (CBC)

Back 80

common blood test that enumerates red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets; measures hemoglobin 9the oxygen-carrying molecules in red blood cells); estimates red cell volume; and sorts white blood cells into five subtypes with their percentages

Front 81

urinalysis

Back 81

common urine screening test that evaluates the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine

Front 82

computed tomograpy (CT)

Back 82

imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles; formerly called computerized axial tomography

Front 83

doppler

Back 83

ultrasound technique used to detect and measure blood-flow velocity and direction through the cardiac chambers, valves, and peripheral vessels by reflecting sound waves off moving blood cells

Front 84

fluoroscopy

Back 84

radiographic technique in which x-rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays continuous motion images of internal structures

Front 85

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Back 85

Noninvasive imaging technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field rather than an x-ray beam to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images

Front 86

nuclear scan

Back 86

diagnostic technique that uses a radioactive material (radiopharmaceutical) called a tracer that is introduced into the body (inhaled, ingested, or injected) and a specialized camera to produce images of organs and structures

Front 87

scanning technique using computed tomography to record the positrons emitted from a radiopharaceutical, that produces a cross sectional image of metabolic activity in body tissues to determine the presence of disease

Back 87

positron emission tomography (PET)

Front 88

imaging technique that uses x-rays passed through the body or area and captured on film; also called x-ray

Back 88

radiography

Front 89

radiological technique that integrates computed tomography (CT) and a radioactive material (tracer) injected into the bloodstream to visualize blood flow to tissues and organs

Back 89

single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)

Front 90

radiographic technique that produces an image representing a detailed cross-section or slice of an area, tissue, or organ at a predetermined depth

Back 90

tomography

Front 91

imaging procedure using high frequency sound waves (ultrasounds) that display the reflected "echoes" on a monitor; also called ultrasound, sonogram, echo, and echography

Back 91

ultrasonography

Front 92

representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis

Back 92

biopsy

Front 93

ultra-thin slice of tissue cut from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination

Back 93

biopsy
frozen section

Front 94

removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe

Back 94

biopsy
needle

Front 95

removal of a small core tissue using hollow instrument (punch)

Back 95

biopsy
punch

Front 96

removal of a part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radio frequency

Back 96

ablation

Front 97

surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

Back 97

anastomosis

Front 98

destroy tissue by electricity, freezing, heat, or corrosive chemicals

Back 98

cauterize

Front 99

scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument called a curette

Back 99

curettage

Front 100

incision made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a wound or cavity

Back 100

incision and drainage (I&D)

Front 101

surgical removal of tissue in an extensive area surrounding the surgical site in an attempt to excise all tissue that may be malignant and decrease the chance of recurrence

Back 101

radical dissection

Front 102

surgical technique employing a device that emits intense heat and power at close range to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissues

Back 102

laser surgery

Front 103

partial excision of a bone organ or other structure

Back 103

resection

Front 104

ant

Back 104

anterior

Front 105

AP

Back 105

ANTEROPOSTERIOR

Front 106

Bx

Back 106

biopsy

Front 107

CBC

Back 107

complete blood count

Front 108

CT

Back 108

computed tomography

Front 109

DSA

Back 109

digital subtraction angiography

Front 110

Dx

Back 110

diagnosis

Front 111

FS

Back 111

frozen section

Front 112

I&D

Back 112

incision and drainage

Front 113

MRI

Back 113

magnetic resonance imaging

Front 114

PET

Back 114

positron emission tomography

Front 115

post

Back 115

posterior

Front 116

RF

Back 116

rheumatoid factor; radio frequency

Front 117

sono

Back 117

sonogram

Front 118

SPECT

Back 118

single photon emission computed tomography

Front 119

Sx

Back 119

symptom

Front 120

Tx

Back 120

Treatment

Front 121

UA

Back 121

urinalysis

Front 122

U&L, U/L

Back 122

upper and lower

Front 123

US

Back 123

ultrasound, ultrasonography

Front 124

structural component of the nucleus, composed of nucleic acids and proteins

Back 124

chromatin

Front 125

threadlike structures within the nucleus composed of a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule that carries hereditary information encoded in genes

Back 125

chromosome

Front 126

jellylike substance found within the cell membrane composed of proteins, salts, water, dissolved gases, and nutrients

Back 126

cytoplasm

Front 127

molecule that holds genetic information capable of replicating and producing an exact copy whenever the cells divide

Back 127

(DNA)

Front 128

muscular wall that divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity

Back 128

diaphragm

Front 129

sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place in a cell or an organism

Back 129

metabolism

Front 130

cellular structure that provides a specialized function, such as the nucleus (reproductive), ribosomes (protein synthesis), Golgi apparatus (removal material from the cell), and lysosomes (digestion)

Back 130

organelle

Front 131

study of the nature of disease, their causes, development, and consequences

Back 131

pathology

Front 132

rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the walls of a tubular organ to propel its contents onward

Back 132

peristalsis