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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Integumentary System
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Skin and its accessory organs; Largest system in the body
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Integumentary System Functions
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Covers the entire body keeping body fluids in and pathogens out; Secreting substances such as perspiration and oil; Contains nerve endings which allow sensations of heat, cold, pressure, pain, and temperature; Regulates body temperature through constriction and dilation of the blood vessels in the skin
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Epidermis
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A thin, cellular membrane layer
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Dermis
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Dense, fibrous, connective tissue layer
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Subcutaneous
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Thick, fat-containing tissue
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Lesion
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Pathologic change of tissue due to disease or injury; Are described by their location, appearance, size, and color
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Asymmetry
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One half of the skin lesion looks different from the other half
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Border
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The border is irregular or poorly circumscribed (to enclose)
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Color
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Varies from one area of the skin lesion to another; May be shades of tan, brown, black, red, white or blue
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Diameter
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Larger than 6 mm, roughly the size of a pencil eraser
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Evolution
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Change in the lesion over time
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ABCDEs of Skin Cancer
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Asymmetry; Border; Color; Diameter; Evolution
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Skin Ulcers
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Commonly develops where bony prominences compress the skin tissue; 4 stages
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Stage 1 Skin Ulcer
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Redness of skin, may be warm to touch
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Stage 2 Skin Ulcer
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Superficial blistering and breakdown of skin layers
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Stage 3 Skin Ulcer
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Skin layers are eroded as necrosis extends into subcutaneous fat
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Stage 4 Skin Ulcer
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Necrotic erosion extends past fascia, involving muscle or bone, funneling may occur
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3 Types of Skin Cancer
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Melanoma; Basal Cell Carcinoma; Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Macule
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Change in the color of the skin. It is flat, if you were to close your eyes and run finger over, you couldn't feel it
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Patch
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Macule that is more than 1 cm in diameter; It has an irregular shape
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Papule
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A solid elevated skin lesion less than 1 cm across; they are rough in texture and usually are pink, red, or brown
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Nodule
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Raised, solid lesion more than 1 cm and may be in the epidermis, dermis, or subcutaneous
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Wheal
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Area of edema in the upper epidermis
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Crust
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Result of the drying of plasma or exudate on the skin
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Vesicle
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Raised lesions less than 1 cm in diameter that are filled with clear fluid
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Bulla
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Circumscribed fluid filled lesions that are greater than 1 cm in diameter
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Pustule
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Circumscribed elevated lesions that contain pus; they are most commonly infected but may be sterile
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Cyst
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An abnormal membranous sac containing a gaseous, liquid, or semisolid substance
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Abrasion
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A scraped area on the skin or on a mucous membrane, resulting from injury or irritation
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Fissure
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Linear cleavage of the skin which extends into the dermis
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Ulcer
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Occur when there is necrosis of the epidermis and dermis and sometimes of the subcutaneous tissue
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Petechia
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A small purplish spot on a body surface, such as skin or mucous membrane, caused by a minute hemorrhage and often seen in typhus
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Ecchymosis
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The passage of blood from ruptured blood vessels into subcutaneous tissue, marked by a purple discoloration of the skin
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Pupura
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A condition characterized by hemorrhages in the skin and mucous membrane that result in the appearance of purplish spots or patches
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Keloid
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A red, raised formation of fibrous scar tissue caused by excessive tissue repair in response to trauma or surgical incision
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Polyp
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A usually nonmalignant growth or tumor protruding from the mucus lining of an organ, such as nose, bladder, or intestine, often causing obstruction
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