Medical Terminology Ii Chapter 17

Front 1

How many cones and rods are typically found in the retina?

Back 1

6.5 million cones, 120 million rods

Front 2

Which cones are most affected by color blindness?

Back 2

Red or green

Front 3

Soft, jelly - like material behind the lens that helps maintain the shape of the eyeball

Back 3

Vitreous humor

Front 4

Normal adjustments of the eye to focus on objects from far to near

Back 4

Accommodation

Front 5

The area behind the cornea, in front of the lens and iris

Back 5

Anterior chamber

Front 6

Fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in the anterior chamber

Back 6

Aqueous humor

Front 7

Consisting of two surfaces that are rounded, elevated, and curved evenly

Back 7

Biconvex

Front 8

Middle, vascular layer of the eye, between the retina and sclera

Back 8

Choroid

Front 9

Structure surrounding the lens that connects the choroid and iris; controls shape of lens and secretes aqueous humor

Back 9

Ciliary body

Front 10

Photoreceptor cell in the retina that transforms light energy into a nerve impulse; responsible for color and central vision

Back 10

Cone

Front 11

Delicate membrane that lines the undersurface of eyelids and covers anterior eyeball

Back 11

Conjunctiva

Front 12

Fibrous transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eyeball

Back 12

Cornea

Front 13

Tiny depression in the retina that is the region of clearest vision

Back 13

Fovea centralis

Front 14

Posterior, inner part of the eye

Back 14

Fundus of the eye

Front 15

Pigmented layer that opens and closes to allow more or less light into the eye

Back 15

Iris

Front 16

Transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye

Back 16

Lens

Front 17

Yellowish region on the retina lateral to and slightly below the optic disc

Back 17

Macula

Front 18

The point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain

Back 18

Optic chiasm

Front 19

The region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina; blind spot

Back 19

Optic disc

Front 20

Cranial nerve carrying impulses from the retina to the brain

Back 20

Optic nerve

Front 21

Central opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris, through which light rays pass

Back 21

Pupil

Front 22

Bending of light rays by the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye to bring the rays into focus on the retina

Back 22

Refraction

Front 23

Light - sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells

Back 23

Retina

Front 24

Photoreceptor cell of retina essential for vision in dim light and for peripheral vision

Back 24

Rod

Front 25

Tough, white outer coat of the eyeball

Back 25

Sclera

Front 26

Relay center of the brain

Back 26

Thalamus

Front 27

Aque/o

Back 27

Water

Front 28

Blephar/o

Back 28

Eyelid

Front 29

Conjunctiv/o

Back 29

Conjunctiva

Front 30

Cor/o

Back 30

Pupil

Front 31

Corne/o, kerat/o

Back 31

Cornea

Front 32

Cycl/o

Back 32

Ciliary body

Front 33

Dacry/o

Back 33

Tears, tear ducts

Front 34

Ir/o, irid/o

Back 34

Iris

Front 35

Lacrim/o

Back 35

Tears

Front 36

Ocul/o, ophthalm/o

Back 36

Eye

Front 37

Opt/o, optic/o

Back 37

Eye, vision

Front 38

Palpebr/o

Back 38

Eyelid

Front 39

Papill/o

Back 39

Optic disc

Front 40

Phac/o

Back 40

Lens of the eye

Front 41

Phak/o

Back 41

Lens of the eye

Front 42

Pupill/o

Back 42

Pupil

Front 43

Retin/o

Back 43

Retina

Front 44

Scler/o

Back 44

Sclera

Front 45

Uve/o

Back 45

Uvea

Front 46

Vitre/o

Back 46

Glassy

Front 47

Ambly/o

Back 47

Dull, dim

Front 48

Dipl/o

Back 48

Double

Front 49

Glauc/o

Back 49

Gray

Front 50

Mi/o

Back 50

Smaller, less

Front 51

Mydr/o

Back 51

Widen, enlarge

Front 52

Nyct/o

Back 52

Night

Front 53

Phot/o

Back 53

Light

Front 54

Presby/o

Back 54

Old age

Front 55

Scot/o

Back 55

Darkness

Front 56

Xer/o

Back 56

Dry

Front 57

-opia

Back 57

Vision

Front 58

-opsia

Back 58

Vision

Front 59

-tropia

Back 59

To turn

Front 60

Defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye

Back 60

Astigmatism

Front 61

Farsightedness

Back 61

Hyperopia

Front 62

Nearsightedness

Back 62

Myopia

Front 63

Impairment of vision due to old age reducing lens accommodation

Back 63

Presbyopia

Front 64

Clouding of the lens

Back 64

Cataract

Front 65

A small, hard, cystic mass on the eyelid; formed as a result of chronic inflammation of sebaceous gland along margin of eyelid

Back 65

Chalazion

Front 66

Retinal effects caused by diabetic mellitus; list four common conditions

Back 66

Diabetic retinopathy; microaneurysms, hemorrhage, dilation of retinal veins, neovascularization

Front 67

Increased intraocular pressure damages the retina and optic nerve

Back 67

Glaucoma

Front 68

Measures intraocular pressure

Back 68

Tonometry

Front 69

Staph infection of a sebaceous gland in the eyelid

Back 69

Hordeolum (stye)

Front 70

progressive damage to the macular of the retina

Back 70

Macular degeneration

Front 71

Repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes

Back 71

Nystagmus

Front 72

Abnormal deviation of the eye

Back 72

Strabismus

Front 73

Two layers of the retina separate from each other

Back 73

Retinal detachment

Front 74

Bright flashes of light

Back 74

Photopsia

Front 75

Vitreous clumps of retina

Back 75

Floaters

Front 76

A belt used to attach the retina to the sclera using a silicone band

Back 76

Scleral buckle

Front 77

A gas bubble injected in vitreous cavity to help reattach the retina

Back 77

Pneumatic retinopexy

Front 78

Dye injection to examine blood flow in the retina

Back 78

Fluorescein angiography

Front 79

Visual examination of the interior of the eye through dilated pupil

Back 79

Ophthalmoscopy

Front 80

Magnified view of expanded number of eye structures

Back 80

Slit lamp microscopy

Front 81

Eyedrop used to dilate the pupil

Back 81

Mydriatic

Front 82

Test to assess clarity of vision

Back 82

Visual acuity

Front 83

Measures visual fields when eyes are fixed forward

Back 83

Visual field test

Front 84

Removal of the entire eyeball

Back 84

Enucleation

Front 85

An argon ladder creates an inflammatory reaction that seals retinal tears and leaky blood vessels

Back 85

Laser photocoagulation

Front 86

Laser to correct errors of refraction by sculpting the cornea

Back 86

LASIK

Front 87

LASIK stands for

Back 87

Laser in situ keratomileusis

Front 88

Surgical repair of the cornea; also known as corneal transplant

Back 88

Keratoplasty

Front 89

Ultrasound to break up lens for aspiration for cataract removal

Back 89

Phacoemulsification

Front 90

Removal of vitreous and replacement with a clear solution

Back 90

Vitrectomy

Front 91

Three bones in the middle ear

Back 91

Malleus, incus, stapes

Front 92

Another name for the inner ear; series of canals

Back 92

Labyrinth

Front 93

Bony, snail shaped tube of the inner ear

Back 93

Cochlea

Front 94

Secondary function of the ear

Back 94

Equilibrium

Front 95

Outer ear projecting flap

Back 95

Pinna

Front 96

Auditory canal; channel that leads from the pinna to the eardrum

Back 96

External auditory meatus

Front 97

Eardrum

Back 97

Tympanic membrane

Front 98

Malleus, incus, and stapes make up the

Back 98

Ossicles

Front 99

Membrane that separates the middle and inner ear

Back 99

Oval window

Front 100

Two fluids contained in the cochlea

Back 100

Perilymph, endolymph

Front 101

Carry impulses from the inner ear to the brain

Back 101

Auditory nerve fibers

Front 102

Channel between the middle ear and nasopharynx; eustachian tube

Back 102

Auditory tube

Front 103

Flap of the war; protruding part of the external ear

Back 103

Auricle

Front 104

Waxy substance secreted by external ear; earwax

Back 104

Cerumen

Front 105

Second ossicle of the middle ear

Back 105

Incus

Front 106

First ossicle of the middle ear

Back 106

Malleus

Front 107

Sensitive auditory receptor area found in the cochlea

Back 107

Organ of Corti

Front 108

Passages in the inner ear associated with maintaining equilibrium

Back 108

Semicircular canals

Front 109

Third ossicle of the middle ear

Back 109

Stapes

Front 110

Central cavity of the labyrinth, connecting the semicircular canals of the cochlea

Back 110

Vestibule

Front 111

Acous/o

Back 111

Hearing

Front 112

Audi/o

Back 112

Hearing

Front 113

Audit/o

Back 113

Hearing

Front 114

Aur/o

Back 114

Ear

Front 115

Auricul/o

Back 115

Ear

Front 116

Cochle/o

Back 116

Cochlea

Front 117

Mastoid/o

Back 117

Mastoid process

Front 118

Myring/o

Back 118

Eardrum, tympanic membrane

Front 119

Ossicul/o

Back 119

Ossicle

Front 120

Ot/o

Back 120

Ear

Front 121

Salping/o

Back 121

Eustachian tube

Front 122

Staped/o

Back 122

Stapes

Front 123

Tyman/o

Back 123

Eardrum, tympanic membrane

Front 124

Vestibul/o

Back 124

Vestibule

Front 125

-acusis, -cusis

Back 125

Hearing

Front 126

-meter

Back 126

Instrument for measure

Front 127

-otia

Back 127

Ear condition

Front 128

Benign tumor arising from 8th cranial nerve causing tinnitus, vertigo, dizziness, and decreased hearing

Back 128

Acoustic neuroma

Front 129

Skin cells and cholesterol in a sac in the middle ear (cyst - like mass associated with chronic infections)

Back 129

Cholesteatoma

Front 130

Loss of ability to hear

Back 130

Deafness

Front 131

Impairment of the middle ear ossicles and membranes in transmitting sound waves to the cochlea

Back 131

Conductive deafness

Front 132

Disorder of the labyrinth with elevated endolymph pressure in the cochlea and semicircular canals causing tinnitus, sensitivity to sound, progressive hearing loss, headache, nausea, and vertigo

Back 132

Meniere disease

Front 133

Inflammation of the middle ear

Back 133

Otitis media

Front 134

Hardening of bony tissue in the labyrinth

Back 134

Otosclerosis

Front 135

Sensation of noises in the ears (ringing, buzzing, etc)

Back 135

tinnitus

Front 136

Sensation of irregular motion from disease of the inner ear or nerve carrying messages from the semicircular canals

Back 136

Vertigo

Front 137

A surgical implant that allows sensorineural hearing impaired persons to understand speech

Back 137

Cochlear implant

Front 138

Body temperature measured with infrared radiation from the eardrum

Back 138

Ear thermometry

Front 139

Two types of tuning fork test

Back 139

Rinne: tuning fork is placed against the mastoid bone and in front of the auditory meatus; Weber: fork is placed on the center of the forehead